Good Morning Review, highlight, write questions for 13.1 notes Complete your 13.1 EQ Summary (don’t forget a topic sentence and a good quote) Begin reading 13.2 & complete 13.2 vocabulary chart

City life in America in the 1800’s was interesting. They were ________________ and _______________. There was a lot of _____________ in the cities. Cities were very busy places. According to the textbook, “__________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ __________________________________”

13.2 American Arts No EQ for this section Partner read Label and complete: “Page 407 1ab, 2ab” – Restate the question in your answer for full credit

Page 407 1ab, 2ab 1a. The main teachings of Transcendentalism were that people should not rely on material things and only rely on themselves and their own insights rather than outside influences. 1b. The Utopian community in the United States was at Brook Farm, Massachusetts. Its goal was to form a perfect society and to have abstract, spiritual and cooperative lifestyles 2a. Some important American authors and poets at this time were Nathaniel Hawthorne, Ann Sophia Stephens, Herman Melville, Edgar Allen Poe, Emily Dickenson, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow and Walt Whitman. 2b. The Romantic Movement artists expressed ideas of simple life and nature with an emphasis on individual expression. Lots of landscapes were painted to show the beauty and wonder of American nature.

Page 407 1ab, 2ab 1a. The main teachings of Transcendentalism were _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________ 1b. The Utopian community in the United States was at _______________________, Massachusetts. Its goal was to _______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________ 2a. Some important American authors and poets at this time were Nathaniel_______________, Ann Sophia_______________, Herman ________________, Edgar Allen __________, Emily ____________, Henry Wadsworth __________________and Walt _________________. 2b. The Romantic Movement artists expressed ideas of _______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________.

Transcendentalism Belief that people could transcend or rise above materialistic things in life. – Ralph Waldo Emerson – Henry David Thoreau – Margaret Fuller

Romanticism Ideas about the simple life and nature influenced artists and painters. (Asher Durand)

Literature – Edgar Allen Poe – Emily Dickenson – Walt Whitman – Henry Wadsworth Longfellow A Book By Emily Dickenson There is no frigate like a book To take us lands away, Nor any coursers like a page Of prancing poetry. This traverse may the poorest take Without oppress of toll; How frugal is the chariot That bears a human soul!

13.3 Reforming Society EQ: Which reform movement do you think had the greatest effect on America and why? SubjectProblemsSolutions Alcohol Prisons Education African-Americans

SubjectProblemsSolutions Alcohol alcohol caused social problems, violence, poverty and crime Temperance Movement – urged people not to drink hard liquor and limit beer and wine American Temperance Society & American Temperance Union Minister Lyman Beecher = a reformer who voiced his approval of the temperance movement Prisons the mentally ill were jailed with criminals and not being treated humanely Orphans and runaways often sent to prison Overcrowding Cruel treatment of prisoners Dorothea Dix Massachusetts built new facilities for the mentally ill More than 100 state hospitals were built Reform schools were set up for them instead where they could learn useful skills Houses of correction – offered prisoners an education Education Poor public education Kids were working instead of going to school Untrained teachers Small school houses Poor kids left behind McGuffey’s Readers – literature, textbooks and moral and social values lessons Common School Movement – common place for all kids (Horace Mann) Doubled school budget Lengthened school year Started a teacher training school Catharine Beecher – all girls school Thomas Gallaudet – school for hearing impaired African- Americans Segregated Treated poorly in church Rarely accepted into colleges Southern laws banning education Slaves forbidden to learn Richard Allen – Free American Religious Society for racial equality Schools for black Americans Oberlin College Harvard Institute for Colored Youth Avery College