Unit 5 Part I Learning Targets- Roman Republic LT 5.1 – I can identify and describe the geographic influences on Rome’s economic, social and political development. LT 5.2 – I can describe the important characteristics of Roman Mythology and it’s impact on society. LT 5.3 – I can identify the significance of Roman Republic and government (representative democracy). LT I can describe the social structure and significance of citizenship in the Roman Republic. LT 5.5 – I can evaluate the causes, effects, and significance of the Punic Wars. LT I can classify the causes and effects of the fall of the Roman Republic.

Rome Geography City State of Rome and Republic centered on the Italian Peninsula – Protected by the Alps, Mediterranean Sea, and other bodies of water – Fertile farm land along Tiber River – Access to trade on the Mediterranean Sea

Roman Republic Rome forms a republic- form of government in which power resides with the citizens who have the right to vote and select their leaders Citizens of the Republic – Patricians: wealthy minority – Plebeians: poor minority – Selected Foreigner: paid taxes to be a citizen – NO WOMEN OR SLAVES

Parts of the Republic Consuls: Executive Branch – Led republic and commands legions Senate: Legislative Branch – Only Patricians who served for life – Advised consuls, passed laws Assemblies: Legislative Branch – Included all citizens – Selected consuls Laws – Twelve Tables – Ensured rights of all citizens

Punic Wars Who – Rome vs. Carthage Why – Roman legions united Peninsula – Carthage threatened – Fight for control of trade on the Mediterranean Sea Major Battles – Rome wins 1 st Punic War – Hannibal went around through Spain and Gaul and through Alps – Hannibal wins battles, but loses war Outcomes – Carthage destroyed – Rome continues to expand – Starts to become an Empire

Fall of the Republic Punic Wars sets off Chain reaction the led the Republic to fail – Slavery – Unemployment – Currency drops – Civil War

Julius Caesar and Triumvirates Rome ruled by a triumvirate after the Republic falls – Three people cannot share power Julius Caesar – Wins 1t Triumvirate – Assists poor but takes power from Senate – Killed Augustus Caesar – Wins 2 nd Triumvirate – Restores senate and begins Empire

Unit 5 Part II Learning Targets- Roman Empire 5.7- I can explain the economic, social, and political impacts of the Pax Romana I can describe the origins, beliefs, traditions, and customs of Christianity I can identify the patterns of the spread of Christianity and the development and significance of the Church on the Roman Empire I can identify the contributions of ancient Rome and its impact on Western Europe I can classify the reasons for the decline and fall of the Western Roman Empire.

Pax Romana 1 st 200 Years of Roman Empire- GOLDEN AGE – Political Improvements Power back to Senate Civil Service System Enlarged Empire – Economic Improvements Trade increased Unified Money Safe roads – Social Improvements Family emphasis Social classes stabilized

Contributors to Rome Architecture – Built on Greek columns and added arches and domes – Pantheon- Temple for Gods – Coliseum- stadium for entertainment Virgil – Wrote “Aneida”- Roman “Homer” Latin – Common language for communication in Empire Public Baths – Improved health

Rise of Christianity Religious tolerance in Empire, but must practice rituals Jews angered Jesus believed to be messiah, son of God – Public preaching/ Cruxifiction/Ressurection

Spread of Christianity Ideas spread quickly – Good trade – Appealing message Met w resistance – Romans feared rising power – Killed Christians- Martyrs Constantine – Legalized Christianity – Massive expansion of religion Theodosius – Made Christianity the official religion of Rome

Impacts of Christianity Christianity becomes the source of moral authority People start to care more about Christianity than the Empire/Emperor Acts as a unifying force in Western Europe

Christianity GO Notes Founder – Jesus- believed to be Son of God Text – The Bible Old Testament: The Torah New Testament: Life and teachings of Jesus Location – Begins in Jerusalem – Spreads throughout Roman Empire Peter and Paul

Christianity GO Notes Beliefs – Monotheism – Jesus is the Son of God – Love God – Forgiveness of Sins – Ten Commandments Laws Show connection to Judaism

Fall of the Roman Empire Perfect Storm of Issues – Disloyal Military – Too big to control – Moral Decay- people stopped caring More Christianity – Economic issues – Bad Leadership – Moved capital to Constantinople, splitting the Empire Western Rome falls to invaders (Attila the Hun).