Can your genes determine your health? To understand how inherited factors and exercise can affect your health. Sunday, June 12, 2016

Which is the best exercise? 6/12/2016

What is the best exercise? What sort of data is this? What type of graph would you use?

Exercise & Energy How do you think sleeping / watching television / jogging / swimming compare in terms of the energy the body uses? ActivityKJ/min Sleeping4.5 Watching TV7 Cycling (5mph)21 Jogging (5mph)40 Swimming35 Rowing58 Walking14

Explain the evidence for exercise affecting weight loss? 6/12/2016

Use the information from the newspaper article to explain why poor diet and inactive lifestyle are blamed for the increase in obesity. 6/12/2016 BRITISH CHILDREN TOP LEAGUE FOR UNHEALTHY LIVING From out health correspondent The largest study of youth health reveals that British children live on sugary snacks and almost no fruit and vegetables. The World Health Organisation report, based on surveys of more than 160,000 children in 35 countries, found that the dietary habits of Britain ’ s young were among the worst. Doctors recommend at least five portions of vegetables daily for a healthy diet. More than two-thirds of children aged admitted that they did not eat even a single portion of vegetables a day. A third of 11-year-olds drank at least one sugary drink a day, as well as eating sweets and chocolate every day. Snacks and sugary drinks are high energy foods. Poor diet and increasingly inactive lifestyles are blamed for a massive increase in the number of people who are overweight.

Life expectancy – why has this changed? 6/12/2016

Life expectancy – Why do you think there is a difference in different parts of the country? 6/12/2016

Life Expectancy A huge number of changes, ranging from medicines, better food and living standards, to general awareness of life style have helped raised the life expectancy for both men and women in this country over the past decade There are still worrying health trends in the UK, especially due to smoking / unhealthy diets, which are linked to particular areas which generally less well-off

Does wealth have anything to do with life expectancy? 6/12/2016

Do you think scientists have evidence that health can be inherited? Answer yes or no for the following. 1.Metabolic rate can be inherited 2.The body’s proportion of muscle to fat can be inherited 3.High cholesterol can be inherited 4.High blood pressure can be inherited 5.Risk of heart disease can be inherited 6/12/2016 They are all correct! - Scientists have evidence for a number of inherited factors affecting our health!

Body Fat The average person has between 17 and 25% body fat. A large proportion of the population may be well over 30%. An oarsman at the peak of his game will probably be between 8 and 12%.

Blood Pressure Blood pressure is the force exerted on the blood vessel walls from circulating the blood. High blood pressure can lead to heart disease by straining the heart and damaging the blood vessels. Normal blood pressure is 120/80. Overweight people and those who eat too much salt often have high blood pressure.

Cholesterol Cholesterol (C 27 H 46 O) is a substance found in the blood It is made in the liver and is needed for healthy cell membranes Too much cholesterol in the blood increases the risk of heart disease, and of diseased arteries

Cholesterol Cholesterol is important for a variety of body functions, including: - Cell membranes Hormones Bile acids Insulating nerve fibres

Cholesterol Types The bloodstream transports cholesterol around the body attached to proteins The combination of cholesterol and protein is called lipoprotein, and there are two type: - Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) - carry cholesterol from the liver to the cells High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) - carry excess cholesterol back to the liver

Cholesterol Types LDLs are often called 'bad' cholesterol because they lead to fat building up on artery walls, which causes heart disease – 70% of cholesterol consisting mostly of fat HDLs are often called ‘good’ cholesterol because they help to stop fat building up in the arteries – 20% of cholesterol consisting mostly of protein

Causes & Prevention CausesPrevention DietBalanced diet Fitness (exercise)Regular exercise AlcoholSensible alcohol intake SmokingNot smoking Family History- Age- Sex-

Food Types A high proportion of HDLs to LDLs is good for a healthy heart Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated oils (found in vegetable oils) help to reduce cholesterol levels in the blood, and also increase the proportion of HDLs compared with LDLs There are also drugs that can improve high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels

Salt Too much salt in the diet can lead to high blood pressure, which in turn leads to an increased risk of heart disease and strokes Salt is found naturally in many kinds of food, but more is added by food manufacturers - and many people add even more when they are eating Processed foods often have a high proportion of salt and fat – salt added to food during processing accounts for about two-thirds of the average salt intake

Salt On average, men in the UK eat about 10g of salt a day and women about 8g a day However, food scientists recommend no more than 6g of salt a day in the die – reducing the amount of salt in the diet will help to reduce the risk of heart disease, and to a greater extent the risk of suffering a stroke

What one thing could you do to improve our lifestyle. 6/12/2016

Why do different lifestyles require different diets? Balanced diet – click below for summary video pbank/servlet/asset?assetI D=4978 Sportsman diet – click below for a summary pbank/servlet/asset?assetI D= /12/2016