Social Learning Theory or Social Cognitive Theory

Operant Conditioning + -

Self Regulation Self-regulation is the goal of behavior modification, which applies operant conditioning methods. Self-regulated behavior is goal directed Process of managing goal-directed behavior -- ABCs

Social Cognitive Theory Moved from Skinner’s Stimulus  Response to: Stimulus  Organism  Response (Environment) (Person) (Behavior) Stimuli processed through an individuals knowledge, skills, attitudes, beliefs, values Considers environmental influences – change the environment to change a behavior Consequences (expectancies) about behavior Albert Bandura Albert Bandura, Sept 2008

Social Learning Theory (SLT) Key principle is learning by observation of others (vicarious learning). People learn in a social context Includes developing self-efficacy – confidence to act and overcome real or perceived barriers Modeling: Doing what others do. Can speed the teaching of a behavior –Live models –Symbolic models – a person in a book, or on TV –Bobo doll –Celebrities endorsing a product Albert Bandura

Social Learning What makes social learning social? –Social reinforcement –Observational “vicarious” learning Observe how others behavior is reinforced

Reciprocal Determinism Interaction between the person, behavior and environment Cognition Environment Behavior

Other Ideas Reinforcements –Positive vs negative reinforcements or expectancies –Social reinforcement (praise, attention, affection) –Direct reinforcement (operant conditioning) –Vicarious reinforcement –Self-reinforcement Internal External Self-Efficacy – one of the most important prerequisites for behavior change –Set goals to build confidence

Implications for Behavior Change Alter the environment Provide reinforcement Facilitate goal setting Find opportunities for observational learning Establish expectations Improve self efficacy Alter or interpret social norms