© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved SmartLock: Instrumented Locking System for Inland Waterway Navigation Jim McCarville Peter Stephaich Ricky Bravo, Via Bulatao, Min Cheol Cho Forrest Pan, Ty van den Akker © 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved

Agenda  Locking process  Players  Project goals  Technical Requirements  Prototype demo  Savings & Costs  Future of SmartLock Ty van den Akker Via Bulatao Ricky Bravo

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Why Locks? $%&* # © 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved

Dams were built in the 1800s $%&* # © 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved

Locks help boats pass dams © 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved

Port of Pittsburgh Commission Pilots Lock Masters Commercial Towing Companies US Army Corps of Engineers US Coast Guard SmartLock Technology Developers

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Project Goals SmartLock Payback period <2 years Allow locking in fog Speed locking process Reduce accidents Buy-in from all players

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved We carefully studied the locking process. Requirements Pilots Lock Masters US Coast Guard Towboat Operators

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Consider parking your car. 2.5 feet

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Tows have the same 2.5 ft! Up to 1000 feet long Up to 105 feet wide Scaled to a car, that’s 1”! 2.5 ft

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Tows also face wind, river current … and fog, too! CRASH OOPS !

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Information is critical to SmartLock. SmartLock Distances real-time accurate essential Conditions river wind dam opening

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Design Goals Usability Adaptable to other locks and tows Rapidly deployable Extensible

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved XML – Standard Data Protocol SSL – Integrity, Authenticity DGPS – Real-time position data WiFi – Multiple Uses ENC – Navigation Uses SmartLock Architecture well-tested technologies modularity multiple uses convergence © 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved

Here’s a replay of what happened.

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved “I would be more confident entering a lock using this system, even in bad weather.” – Captain Musky The results were positive!

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Valuation Assumptions System Variables Total # of Locks (U.S.) Total # of Towboats (U.S.) Ave. Cost/Boat (3500Hp, mins.) Performance Variables Ave. Time/Lockage (mins.) Ave. Annual Fog Delay (hours) $ Actual*Estimate *Sources: USACE Navigation Data Center, US Coast Guard, Port of Pittsburgh Commission

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Cost Per Lock: $11,100 Install/Config $2,000 Software $850 WLAN $1,250 DGPS $7,000 Sources: Cisco, Furuno, Proxim Total (100 locks): $ 1.1 million

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Cost Per Boat: $13,750 Sources: Cisco, Furuno, Proxim Total (1500 boats): $ 20.6 million Install/Config $1,250 Software $2000 Computer $2,250 DGPS $7,250 WLAN $1,000

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Annual Savings per Boat: $48,027 Normal Delay $ 7,202 Accidents $ 1,631 Fog Delay $ 39,194 Sources: USACE Navigation Data Center, US Coast Guard, Port of Pittsburgh Total (1500 boats): $ 72 million

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Savings Sensitivity Annual Savings/Boat $ 48,027 Payback Period 3.6 months

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Industry Summary Savings / year$ 72.0 million Costs / year (5-year amortization, full deployment) $ 4.34 million ROI (full deployment) 321 %

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Future of SmartLock Industry meeting –Attendees from all players –Quickly understood value  Patent filing  Congressional Funding

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Project Results SmartLock Payback period 3.6 months! Allows locking in fog Saves 10min. / lockage Reduces accidents Buy-in from all players

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Answers

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Potential Annual Cost Savings Accidents$ 1 million Fog $ 58 million Transit time $ 10 million System cost < $ 30 million

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Normal Savings/Tow

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved

Costs (Base case) Total Costs (all locks) Total Costs (all tows) Ave. Boat Cost/Min. Ave. Boat Cost/Hour Total Hours of Fog # of Tows # of Chambers Cost of capital LowHigh $ 950,000$ 1,270,000 $14,250,000$27,000,000 $ 4.94 $ hours 1500 boats 100 main + auxiliary 10%

© 2003 Port of Pittsburgh Commission, All rights reserved Image Sources w.jpg sportsI.html on/Columbia_river.html mosphr/wind.htm