New Empires in India Chapter 3, Section 2

Chandragupta Maurya 321–301 BC He put together an army around 326 BC. Conquered all of northern India between the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. ________________________________ _____________________ He raised a large army consisting of 600,000 foot soldiers, 30,000 soldiers on horseback and 9,000 elephants. ________________________________ _____________________

The Government Under Chandragupta Chandragupta listened to his advisers, especially ________, a member of the priestly caste and the author of a rulers handbook. Kautilya advised Chandragupta to create a ______________. Chandragupta ____________________, and had royal princes rule them. The provinces were then split into districts where carefully chosen officials _________________________________.

Asoka, Chandragupta’s grandson 268—232BC Asoka conquered new lands until the Mauryan empire reached out to most of the subcontinent of Asia. Asoka saw that he was causing ________________. He renounced warfare and converted to Buddhism. _________________________ _________________________ _____________. Figure 5

Asoka’s Reign as a Buddhist Emperor As emperor, Asoka applied ___________________to his leadership. He made _____________laws than his predecessors. He also had ___________________________________________ __________________. In addition to these, he also built shrines and monasteries and inscribed Siddhartha’s teachings on rocks and pillars. He sent out Buddhist missionaries to places as far as ________________. __________________________________________.

Edicts of Asoka Edicts scattered in more than ___________throughout India. Written mostly in _________, but one was in Greek and Aramaic. 10 rock edicts, Each pillar ______ is 40’-50’ high. Buddhist principles __________ laws. Conversion/spread of Buddhism Moral codes Conservation Protection of animals)

The Golden Age of the Gupta Empire An expansion of trade in India led to an advance in math, science and literature.

Scientific Discoveries Under Chandra Gupta II Sailors and traders began to understand ___________. This enabled them to ______________when they were at sea. Indian astronomers also _________________________________by observing the Earth’s shadow during a lunar eclipse. In medicine, Indians found ____________________, including smallpox, and over _______________used for medical purposes. They also knew how to perform ________such as plastic surgery.

Mathematical Discoveries Mathematics in India was one of most advanced math systems in the world during the Gupta Empire. The modern number system, ____________________________were all developed in India at his time. A great Indian mathematician named _______________________to four decimal places. He also calculated a solar year to be days, which is close to modern calculations made by an atomic clock.

Advances in Literature India had a number of writers, including ___________, the author of Shakuntala, the story of a girl and a king who marry. __________________were developed in the city of Madurai in 100AD, and there are still over _______poems from there today. In India, there was also _______________in which __________________took part in. Classical Indian dances are based on dance techniques from this time. Many Buddhist and Hindu ____________________were made as well.

The Silk Road

Fa-Hsien (Faxian): Life in Gupta India  __________________traveled along the _______and visited India in the 5c.  He was following the path of ___________.  He reported the people to be happy, relatively free of government oppression, and inclined towards courtesy and charity.  Other references in the journal, however, indicate that the ____________was rapidly assuming its basic features, including ________________the social isolation of a lowest class that is doomed to menial labor.

The Decline of the Guptas  Invasion of the _________in the 4 th century signaled the end of the Gupta __________, even though at first, the Guptas defeated them.  After the decline of the Gupta empire, north India ___________a number of separate Hindu ____________ and was not really unified again until the coming of the Muslims in the 17 th century