EARLY COMMUNICATIVE DEVELOPMENT
Locutionary Illocutionary Perlocutionary Adapted from McLaughlin, 1998 Birth6 months12 months
The Perlocutionary Stage It all starts at the very beginning…
Contributions of Typical Infants
Birth cry Hunger cry Pain cry Angry cry Pleasure cry? CRIES
Burps Coughs Sneezes Sighs Hiccups Lip smacks
Cooing and Babbling Motor control of the speech mechanism generally progresses from back to front.
Gaze Behavior Mutual Gaze Deictic Gaze Reciprocal Gaze
SMILES Reflexive smile Social smile
MOVEMENTS
Contributions of Typical Caregivers
Special Infant-Directed Speech And what about other types of speech?
Joint Attention indicating markingdeixisnaming
Reciprocity and Consistency To develop turn-taking and cause/effect!
Vigilant and Inventive Interpretation of Signals !!
From the PBSParents website
How might cultural differences lead to differences in these patterns?
How might disabilities lead to differences in these patterns?
THE SELF-FULFILLING PROPHECY
The Illocutionary Stage
INTENTIONALITY!!! (but without words…)
The development of joint reference and joint action.
Protoimperatives and behavior regulation Protodeclaratives, social interaction and joint attention Initiating and responding
“Primitive” Communicative Acts Calling Greeting Requesting Protesting Practicing Establishing Shared Attention Repairing Communicative Breakdowns
Early Comprehension of WORDS Research has shown that as early as 6 months of age, babies are beginning to comprehend frequently-occurring words. “mommy” “daddy” “Daniel” “no”“hot” “go” “all gone” “bye bye” “bottle”
By 12 months, the typically-developing baby understands about 50 common words and phrases! And this increases rapidly… 18 months = words 24 months = as many as 500 different words
During this part of development, the child typically understands about FOUR TIMES as many words as he/she is able to produce!
Resources for Expression Gestures
The All-Powerful, Isolated Finger POINT!
Vocalizations Fancier babbling Phonetically consistent forms Jargon with recognizable prosodic contours
Gaze Shifts
Affective Signals
Important: COMBINATIONS of Resources That is…using gaze, gesture, vocalization and affect SIMULTANEOUSLY!
The work of INTERPRETATION gets a bit easier.
The Locutionary Stage So many words… which one should I say FIRST??
The First Lexicon Word classes/ Parts of Speech: Nominal-specific – Mama, Mimi, Daddy Nominal-general – ball, cup, book Action words – go, up, ride Modifiers – big, yucky, dirty Personal-Social – No!, Hi!, Please Functional – This, what, where
Substantive Words/Fringe Vocabulary
Relational Words/Core Vocabulary more mine this no all gone Notice: These are difficult to picture! that there big up here
Social Vocabulary hi bye- bye please thank you
What kinds of vocabulary words are conspicuous by their absence?
Word Combinations Transitional utterances (12-18 mos.) 2-element structures (18-24 mos.) 3-element structures (24-30 mos.) 4-element structures (30-36 mos.) But length is not nearly as important as diversity of function!
Morphologic Development During the 0-36 month period, only a few grammatical morphemes are expected, and they are marked according to dialectal patterns!
Present participle (progressive tense) Regular plural Preposition “in” Preposition “on” Possessive (possibly) Between about 24 and 36 months, the following typically emerge:
Also…look for: Increasing diversity of semantic categories Refinement of pragmatic functions Expansion of presupposition abilities