Civil Engineering Surveying Roy Frank

Basic Route Survey and Design 1.Concept for Route 2.Reconnaissance Study 1.Small scale mapping of region (1”-500’ to 1”- 200’) 2.Identify Alternative Routes (corridors) 3.Corridor Study 4.Public Hearings on selected corridor

Basic Route Survey and Design 3.Alignment Design 1.Preliminary medium scale mapping of corridor 2.Paper location study 3.Choose desired alignment 4.Field location survey 1.Set PI’s 2.Measure angle and distance between PI’s 3.Choose and design curves 4.Compute alignment 5.Set centerline stations (Hubs at 100’ STA. + PC & PT) 5.Modify alignment if needed

Basic Route Survey and Design 4.Roadway Design 1.Supplemental Large Scale Mapping 1.Horizontal mapping 2.Cross section baseline 2.Design typical sections 3.Design roadway items 4.Draft plans 5.Compute quantities 6.Prepare specifications

Basic Route Survey and Design 5.Right of way surveys 1.Requires parcel and strip maps 1.Determine ROW widths required 2.Perform property surveys 3.Prepare legal descriptions 4.Stake parcels

Basic Route Survey and Design 6.Construction surveys 1.Reference PI, PT, PC 2.Slope stake for rough grade 3.Stake drainage and structures 4.Layout roadway items 5.BlueTop for subgrade of final grade 6.Progress measurements and cross sections for pay quantities 7.As built surveys

Sewer Projects 1.Firm under contract 2.Preliminary studies 1.General layout map 2.Buildings located on general layout 3.Treatment site search 4.Preliminary paper layout 1.Make sure every building and potential building site can be served 2.Manhole system placed on general layout

Sewer Projects 5.Preliminary filed work 1.Preliminary profiles 1.BM system established 2.Manholes set 3.Profiles run 4.Basement elevations acquired 2.Design mapping 1.Final plans 3.Treatment area 4.Boundary survey 5.Complete topo of area

Sewer Projects 3.Design process 1.Sewer line design 1.Preliminary profiles drawn 1.Basement elevations plotted 2.Manholes placed on profiles 3.Slope between manholes computed 4.Problem areas – alternate service routes selected 1.Manholes set in field 2.Profiles run 3.Revert to 3A

Sewer Projects 2.Treatment plant design 1.Topo map prepared 2.Type system verified 3.Treatment system sized based on existing and projected population 4.System designed 3.Plans drafted 1.Sewer plans normally prepared on plan/profile sheets

Sewer Projects 2.Treatment plant drawn using plan sheets and cross sections 3.Quantities computed 4.Specifications 1.Written instructions on how every item to be built 2.Include contract documents and bid proposal 4.Bidding procedure 1.Notice of bid advertised on local paper 2.Pre-bid meeting

Sewer Projects 3.Bidding 1.Each contractor submits sealed bid 2.Bids opened and tabulated 3.Engineer reviews proposals 4.Engineer recommends which bid to accept 4.Contract awarded

Sewer Projects 5.Construction 1.Surveying 1.Contractor required to hire surveyor for stakeout 2.Manholes referenced 3.Staking methods 1.Batterboard method 2.Laser method 4.Measurement of quantities 6.As Built

Water distribution systems 1.Put under contract – water district formed 2.Preliminary studies 1.General layout prepared 2.Water district signs up users 3.Water source located 4.Waterlines placed on general layout 1.Hydraulic gradient plotted from USGS topo

Water distribution systems 5.Pump station and water storage sites 1.Property acquired by perpetual easement or purchased 2.Boundary survey performed for each site 3.Topo each site 3.Field work 1.Plan preparation 1.Normally photogrammetrically 1.Flight plan sent on general layout 2.Take photos and post measure horizontal control 3.Plan sheets marked on photos using template

Water distribution systems 2.Waterlines placed on plan sheets 2.Crossings and easements 1.Every location where waterline crosses paved road, railroad – has to be topo, cross sectioned, and tied to nearest stationing or milepost 2.Crossings plotted and permits applied for – railroads, state DOT, township and county roads 3.Easement descriptions prepared

Water distribution systems 4.Final design 1.All waterlines and appurtenances on plans, easements, acquired and in docket form, rock excavation on plans 1.Quantities computed 2.System driven to make sure nothing missed 2.Tanks and P.S. 1.Designed and sized 2.Quantities computed

Water distribution systems 5.Bidding 6.Construction 1.Water distribution system 1.Waterline stakeout 1.Each easement plotted on plans 2.Crossings as permitted staked 2.Quantities 2.Tanks and PS 1.Foundation staked 2.Must be checked for plumb 7.As built

Architectural Projects 1.Firm Under contract 2.Preliminary fieldwork 1.Boundary survey 1.Description provided 2.Fieldwork 1.Monument search, traverse site 2.Compute data and analysis 3.Final stakeout 3.Easement and encroachment search 4.Plat of survey

Architectural Projects 2.Topo – grid method most common 1.Grid pattern 25’ – 100’ 2.BM – USGS 3.Entire tract topo and adjacent areas to access 4.Utilities – nearest tied in 5.Include all objects above, on or below, ground 6.Prepare topo map 7.Field check map

Architectural Projects 3.Construction 1.Control 1.If large building – you may want to establish TBM’s on control Mon. 2.Stakeout 1.Convert architects dimensions to engineering 2.Layout clearing and excavation limits 3.Layout underground piping

Architectural Projects 4.Layout footings and foundations 5.Layout building corners and supports 6.Locate roads and parking areas 7.Locate lighting and other project extras 3.As built

Structure and Terrain Movement Used to monitor: 1.Movement of buildings ( x, y, and z) 2.Movement of bridges 3.Movement of dams 4.Landslides and earthquakes 5.Amusement park rides

Structure and Terrain Movement Description – error within system must be less than smallest movement to be observed 2 groups of monuments installed 1.Reference or control monuments 2.Deformation or movement monuments

Structure and Terrain Movement Control – generally concrete pillars extending 3-4 feet out of ground with tribrach permanently attached Movement monuments – for earthquake or landslide may be similar deep monuments

Structure and Terrain Movement Equipment: 1.GPS 2.Turned angles 3.Angle/Distance 4.Leveling