MP3: 6- Week Common Assessment REVIEW

1.What is Sputnik? What was the United States’ response to Sputnik?  Sputnik : the first artificial satellite to orbit the earth launched by the Soviets.  Congress created NASA; funds were increased for education and training in science, math, and foreign languages.

2.What is the significance of the New Deal programs?  The first 100 days of FDR’s term= THE NEW DEAL (FDR’s program to end the Great Depression) took shape -- a three-pronged strategy called the “three R’s”  Relief-- programs to ease the suffering of the needy  Recovery-- programs to lay the foundation for economic growth  Reform-- programs to prevent future economic crisis

3.What is the purpose of the Berlin Air Lift?  For 11 months planes supply Berliners w/ food, coal, & medicine  Airlift brings in over 2 million tons of supplies

4.Put the following historical eras in chronological order: The Gilded Age, Postwar Era, World War I, Progressive Era, The Cold War, The Roaring/ Not Roaring Twenties, The Great Depression, World War II, The New Deal.  The Gilded Age  The Progressive Era  World War I  The Roaring/ NOT Roaring twenties  The Great Depression  The New Deal  World War II  The Cold War/ Post War Era

5.What effect did the Great Depression have on the American economy?  Banks Close  Unemployment rises  Living in makeshift villages: “Hoovervilles”  Farm Foreclosures  Migration

6.Who were the Tuskegee Airman, why were they significant?  a group of African-American military pilots who fought in World War II.  During World War II, Black Americans in many U.S. states were still subject to the Jim Crow laws and the American military was racially segregated.  The Tuskegee Airmen were subjected to racial discrimination, both within and outside the army.  All black military pilots who trained in the United States trained at Moton Field and Tuskegee Army Air Field, located near Tuskegee, Alabama

7.What was the purposed of the Marshal Plan?  America gives aid to any European country that needed it: food, machines, other materials: restore the economic stability of European nations after World War II.

8.What is the policy of containment? Who instituted the policy of containment?  containment: stop the spread of communism by creating alliances & helping weak countries to resist the Soviet Union.  Enacted by President Harry S. Truman

9.What is the Truman Doctrine?  The TRUMAN DOCTRINE was the commitment to help any countries in their fight against Communism

10.Explain the Korean War.  At the end of WWII, US & USSR troops enter Korea to disarm the Japanese  The Soviet Union supported communist North Korea  The U.S. along with the UN supported democratic South Korea – WHY? To stop the spread of communism

11.Define the Cold War.  Cold War: the state of hostility, without military conflict, that developed between the United States and the Soviet Union after WWII (lasted from 1945 to 1990)

12.What was the cause of the Korean War?  The U.S. along with the UN supported democratic South Korea –To stop the spread of communism= CONTAINMENT!

13.What is the historical significance of Senator Joseph McCarthy?  Senator Joseph R. McCarthy accused many political leaders of corruption and of protecting communists and freaked out the American people; he damaged the reputations of many politicians using vague and unfounded charges – this became known as McCarthyism

14.What does NATO stand for?  North Atlantic Treaty Organization  1949 – a defensive military alliance formed by 10 Western European nations, the US, and Canada – for the US, it marked the country’s first peacetime military commitment  Members agree to come to the aid of any member who is attacked  The SU saw this as a threat

15.What does the acronym for NASA stand for? Why was NASA created?  National Aeronautics and Space Administration  Congress created NASA as a response to the Soviets launching Sputnik.

16.What were the effects of Rock and Roll on American society during the 1950s?  The New Youth Culture= Young Americans turned their back on the conformist ideals of adult society  Rock ‘n’ roll helped create what became known as the generation gap: Cultural difference between parents & children

17.Identify the significance of the following dates: 1898, , 1929, , 1953,  1898: The Gilded Age  : World War I  1929: The Great Depression Begins  : World War II  1953: End of Korean War  1957: Launch of Sputnik