What should we know about Canada’s Government?

Today’s Standard SS6H4 The student will describe the impact of European contact on Canada. a. Describe the influence of the French and the English on the language and religion of Canada. b. Explain how Canada became an independent nation.

Intro to our Essential Question……. How have the French and English influenced the languages and religions of Canada?

R51 “Canada’s Past”

Who are the Canadians? The people of Canada are not only of French & British descent. More than 50 different ethnic groups make up the population of Canada today. More than 2/3 of the population are of European descent. Some can trace their roots to Africa or Asia.

The First Nations The first people to settle in North America came across the Bering Land Bridge, during the Ice Age. The Canadians of the First Nations are descendents of the first immigrants from Asia.

The Inuit The Inuit can be found in the northern-most parts of the country. Many other tribes are located in the southern areas.

European Immigrants In the 1600’s, Britain & France both established colonies in Canada. These two countries were enemies & often fought for North American territory. This culminated in the French & Indian War ( ). The British won.

The British & French fight for control of North America

European Immigrants France lost the war & had to surrender most of it’s Canadian territory. France lost the war & had to surrender most of it’s Canadian territory. However, many French settlers remained & disputes between the French settlers & British polices continued.

Expansion 1791 The British government established in two regions called upper-Canada (Ontario) & lower-Canada (Quebec). Quebec’s population was mainly French, but they were ruled by the British.

Independence!!!! 1867 Upper & Lower-Canada, along with the territories of New Brunswick & Nova Scotia were united as the Dominion of Canada. Though they had to pay loyalty taxes to the British crown, Canada was a self- governing nation.

Expansion 1869 The Hudson Bay Company sold a large chunk of land to Canada. This territory later became known as the provinces of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, & Alberta.

Expansion 1871 Canada now reached the Pacific with the addition of British Columbia

European Immigrants Most of the early European immigrants of Canada were of British & French descent. After World War I, other Europeans such as Italians, Poles, & Ukrainians came to Canada. After World War II, Germans & Dutch started coming to Canada.

Non-European Immigrants In the 1960’s, new immigration laws were passed in Canada that allowed people from Africa, Asia, Latin America, & the Pacific Islands to come & take up residency in Canada.

Multiculturalism To support these many different groups of citizens, Canada has adopted a policy of multiculturalism-an acceptance of many cultures instead of just one.

Canadian Citizenship Canadian citizens have many of the same rights & duties as American citizens: 1. They must obey laws 2. They can vote & participate in the political process. 3. They have freedom of speech, religion, & assembly. 4. They are given equal protection under the law

Where do most Canadians live? Though Canada has the 2 nd largest area in the world, it has a relatively low population. Canadians typically live where they find a favorable combination of geographic features & economic opportunities. ¾ of the population live in the cities & towns of southern Canada.

Vancouver “Gateway to the Pacific” Vancouver, British Columbia Is Canada’s largest port. It trades heavily with Asian countries & has a strong Asian influence. At the end of the 20 th century, many Chinese & Japanese immigrants came to Vancouver.

Vancouver “Gateway to the Pacific” Recently, refugees have come from Vietnam, Laos, & Cambodia. Refugees are people who flee a country because of war, persecution, or natural disaster.

Toronto “City of Immigrants” Toronto, Ontario’s capital, is home to 1/12 of Canada’s total population but contains ¼ of it’s immigrants. More than 70,000 immigrants arrive each year, from 100’s of different countries. More than 40% of Toronto’s population is foreign born.

Intro to our Essential Question……. How have the French and English influenced the languages and religions of Canada? Why does Quebec want independence? What changes in Canada could occur if Quebec is granted independence?

What should we know about Canada’s Government?

The British & French fight for control of North America

The Road to Independence

Quebec’s Separatist Movement

Who wants Quebec to be an independent country? Why do they want Quebec to be an Independent country? What have they done to try to make this happen? What was the result? How would Quebec’s Independence negatively affect Canada? Some citizens of the province known as “Separatists” They want to preserve their French cultural heritage, which they feel is threatened by the English cultural majority. Mostly non-violent, but some violent protests Parliament voted on Quebec secession twice: 1980 & 1995 Quebec remained a province Laws protecting cultural freedom have been passed. Loss of resources in the E. Canadian Shield, St. Lawrence Seaway, & many citizens

Get out 1 sheet of Notebook Paper If you were a native of Quebec, would you support secession? If you were a native of Quebec, would you support secession? Why? or Why Not? 1 Paragraph (Correct Form) Appropriate punctuation, grammar, & spelling. Minimum of 3 sentences. You will have 8 minutes ….GO!