Introduction into Chemistry In a broad sense chemistry is a physical science. A physical science is a science concerned with primarily nonliving things such as rocks, stars, electricity, weather, energy from sun, and the composition of all materials.

Introduction into Chemistry Chemistry definition: Is the study of the composition, structure, and properties of substances and the changes they undergo.

Introduction into Chemistry Chemicals are used readily within the realm of chemistry. Not only within the lab, but also chemicals can be used in food. An example would be a preservative. So what exactly is a Chemical? Is a substance produced by or used in a chemical process.

Introduction into Chemistry The same as with any other science, the scientific method plays a huge part in any chemistry experiment. The scientific method by definition is a logical approach to the solution of problems that lend themselves to investigations by observing, generalizing, theorizing, and testing.

Observation There are two primary means of observation in chemistry: 1.Quantitative information- -Numerical information gained from obtaining measurements within a lab. 2.Qualitative information- -Non numerical information such as color change, bubbles, smell, or any light or energy emissions.

Generalizing After obtaining data from observation that data needs to be organized and collected. Generalizing refers to the point after data collection in which the data is organized into graphs, charts, or tables. Forming a hypothesis falls into this area of the scientific method. A hypothesis is a testable statement. If the hypothesis continues to be tested and yields the same results it becomes a scientific law.

Theorizing Once successful predictions can be made a model is built to show the relationships between the numerical data. A model that is then successfully applied becomes a scientific theory. An example that we will look at later in the class is the Atomic theory. A theory can never be proven but is considered successful if it can be used in predicting the outcome of future experiments.

Testing Frequent testing is always going on in science. It is based upon predicting the outcome of experiments based upon hypotheses, laws, or theories. No hypothesis, law, or theory is ever free from testing. All are constantly open to modification or abandonment based on new evidence.

Figure 1-6 in book

Example Questions Jimmy lights a burner for an experiment. After placing the burner underneath his beaker he begins timing the reaction taking place. What part of the scientific method is Jimmy demonstrating?

Example Questions Sarah after running multiple trials is working late to build a bar graph showing the results she obtained. What stage of the scientific method is Sarah demonstrating?

Example Questions Toshiro was looking at his compiled data from months of experimentation and noticed that the data yielded the same results over and over. Toshiro then confirms that he might have discovered a new theory. What stage of the Scientific method is Toshiro demonstrating?

Example Questions After observing the meat change from a red color to a brown color Henry made up a hypothesis that heat was the cause for the change. What part of the scientific method is Henry demonstrating?

Write down any observations you see in the following experiments. State if they fall under the Qualitative or Quantitative category.