Network Centric Planning ---- Campaign of Experimentation Program of Research IAMWG Dr. David S. Alberts September 2005

Agenda Objectives Planning in the Context of Command C2 Approach Space Initial Version of the Conceptual Model Campaign Phases Critical Path Items Research Priorities

Objectives Propose a Campaign of Experimentation and an associated Program of Research to explore the nature of a planning approach that is suitable for Network Centric Operations Provide an initial formulation to serve as a point of departure –Objectives –Initial version of a Conceptual Model –Critical Path items –Priority research topics

Planning in the Context of Command Command Sensemaking Planning Execution (Actions (t)) Effects (t) Plan (t) Outcomes (t)

Dimensions of Command Approach Space (NATO SAS-050) Allocation of Decision Rights—The distribution of choices related to a particular topic under a set of circumstances or conditions disseminated to the international community, a society, an enterprise, or an organization. Patterns of Interactions Enabled—Establishing standards or protocols that facilitate the appropriate level and quality of communication, information exchange and collaboration required for success. Distribution of Information (Command)—The way information flows and is disseminated in the “real world” because of informal relationships, linkages and sources. Dynamics Across Purpose and Time –The location of an organization within the C2 approach space may differ depending on the type of operation. –The period of engagement of an organization within the C2 approach space may differ depending on the type of operation.

C2 Approach Space (SAS-050)

Agenda Objectives Planning in the Context of Command C2 Approach Space Initial Version of the Conceptual Model –Planning Approach Space –Value View (Overview) –Process View Campaign Phases Critical Path Items Research Priorities

Planning Approach Space nature of the process Information dissemination nature of the plan hierarchicaledge post /pull w/ colab detailed intent within chain of cmd traditional baseline network centric

Measures of Merit for Planning Command Sensemaking Planning Execution (Actions (t)) Effects (t) Plan (t) Outcomes (t) Quality of Command Quality of Sensemaking Quality of Planning Plan Quality Quality of Execution Value of Effects

Conceptual Model: Value View Quality of Command Quality of Sensemaking Quality of Planning Plan Quality Quality of Execution Value of Effects

Quality of Command MCP ElementsDOTMLPValue View Approach to Command and Control Quality of Control Doctrine Organization Leadership Training Quality of TrainingTraining Personnel Quality of Personnel Education Quality of Sensemaking Systems Material Quality of ISR Quality of Transport Quality of Information Services Information Quality Mission Effectiveness Quality of Execution Force Agility From Alberts and Hayes, Understanding C2, CCRP Publications, 2005

Functions of Command command social cognitive information physical nature of interactions resource allocation: personnel awareness of - intent, roles / responsibilities - rules /constraints resource allocation: information assets resource allocation: information access information sharing resource allocation: material From Alberts and Hayes, Understanding C2, CCRP Publications, 2005

Network Centric Hypotheses Information Sharing and Collaboration Quality of information and Shared Situational Awareness enhances A robustly networked force Information Sharing improves Shared situational awareness enables Collaboration and Self-synchronization These, in turn, dramatically increase mission effectiveness

Information available perceptions access to information mental models individual awareness understanding prediction decisions Information Domain collaboration capabilities Cognitive Domain Social Domain interactions expressions of intent shared awareness understanding prediction decisions to actions access to collaboration From Alberts and Hayes, Understanding C2, CCRP Publications, 2005 Sensemaking

A robustly networked force Information Sharing improves Information available perceptions access to information mental models individual awareness understanding prediction decisions Information Domain collaboration capabilities Cognitive Domain Social Domain interactions expressions of intent shared awareness understanding prediction decisions to actions access to collaboration From Alberts and Hayes, Understanding C2, CCRP Publications, 2005 information sharing

Information available perceptions access to information mental models individual awareness understanding prediction decisions Information Domain collaboration capabilities Cognitive Domain Social Domain interactions expressions of intent shared awareness understanding prediction decisions to actions access to collaboration From Alberts and Hayes, Understanding C2, CCRP Publications, 2005 Information Sharing and Collaboration Quality of information and Shared Situational Awareness enhances information sharing information quality

Information available perceptions access to information mental models individual awareness understanding prediction decisions Information Domain collaboration capabilities Cognitive Domain Social Domain interactions expressions of intent shared awareness understanding prediction decisions to actions access to collaboration From Alberts and Hayes, Understanding C2, CCRP Publications, 2005 Shared situational awareness enables Collaboration and Self-synchronization synchronized actions

Planning and Execution Intent Entities Information Plan / Decisions Actions Effects Entities Information Plan / Decisions interactions planning execution interactions Information Sharing Awareness Understanding Awareness Understanding Shared Awareness Understanding Shared Awareness Understanding

Agenda Objectives Planning in the Context of Command C2 Approach Space Initial Version of the Conceptual Model Campaign Phases –Concept Phase –Refinement Phase Critical Path Items Research Priorities

Concept Phase Assess the Conceptual Model Characterize Approaches Formulation Phase Conceptual Model Initial Version Identify Candidate Planning Approaches Develop Working Model(s) Develop Metrics / Instruments Assess Approaches (analyses & experiments) Conceptual Model (revised & updated) Promising Approaches to refinement phase Research Priorities to Program of Research

Refinement Phase Synthesis Concept Phase Conceptual Model (revised & updated) Promising Approaches to demonstration phase Research Priorities to Program of Research Model Experiment Analysis Model Experiment Planning Approach #1 Planning Approach #N Planning Approach #2 Model Experiment Analysis Model Experiment Analysis Model Experiment Model Promising Approaches (revised) Experiment Analysis Model Experiment Research Findings

Agenda Objectives Planning in the Context of Command C2 Approach Space Initial Version of the Conceptual Model Campaign Phases Critical Path Items Research Priorities

Developing Synergies possibilities C2 State of the Practice Understanding Command Control C2 State of the Art Analysis State of the Practice State of the Practice Measurement knowledge possibilities ideas requirements metrics data requirements knowledge focus data Experiments State of the Practice focus data ideas

Critical Path Getting measurement right –Meta-data –Relevance of metrics –Appropriateness of instruments –Conditions under which data is collected Initial Conceptual Model Understand and adopt CoBPs Establish portal for data, findings, and instrumentation

Research Priorities Influenced by the Results of Experiments and Analyses A Priori High Priority Topics –Taxonomy of Planning and Plans –Quality metrics for planning and plans –Factors that influence Planning Quality –Factors that influence Plan Quality –Impact of Planning and Plan Quality on Operations –Methods and Tools for Planning –Plan Visualization