Industrial revolution

Factories in America-

Mass Production - The production of goods in large quantities

Industrial Revolution Social and economic reorganization that took place as machines replaced hand tools and large- scale factory production developed.

Why did the Industrial revolution happen?

1. Jefferson’s embargo act of The war of 1812 America’s economy once relied on foreign trade this changed with the embargo act. Americans now focused on developing industries within the U.S.

New England Industries

New England pushed to invest in industry greater than anywhere in the country. Why would New England be pushing for new industry?

Samuel Slater

First Textile factory in America- -

1793- British immigrant Samuel Slater established first textile (finished cloth) factory in America in Pawtucket, Rhode Island.

How were these mills and factories powered?

Rivers

1813- three Bostonians transformed the American textile industry. Francis Cabot Lowell, Nathan Appleton, and Patrick Jackson emulated plans from an English Mill. Built first mill in Waltham, Massachusetts.

Lowell, Mass 1820

1822- Appleton and Jackson made enough money to build a larger operation in Lowell. Lowell turned from a tiny quiet town to a booming manufacturing center.

Thousands of people came to work in Lowell- Mostly young women.

Two economic systems develop North- Factories and manufacturing South- Focused on the cotton industry

North still farmed, but mainly only enough to support their own homes- little demand for slavery- Northerners began voicing their opposition of slavery mostly every Northern state had voluntarily abolished slavery.

Cotton in the south

Cotton gin

1793 Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin (short for cotton engine) An efficient machine was needed to supply the cotton demand from the North

Was a device invented to remove seeds from cotton fiber Whitney’s Machine was the first to clean short- staple cotton Could produce 50 pounds of clean cotton a day

By 1820 the plantation system based on cotton had turned the South into a thriving economy. Cotton gin= expanded slavery to 1,200,000

The American System In 1815 President Madison wanted to unify the nation. The plan included three major points

The American system 1. developing transportation systems 2. Establishing a protective tariff 3. Resurrecting the national bank Henry Clay began to promote American System

The American System North= produce Manufactured goods South and west= Would buy goods. South would grow grain, food, and cotton= North would buy Made American independent from Britain and other European nations.

National Road

National Road- The American System- 1. Developing transportation systems High way system that stretched from Cumberland Maryland- Vandalia Illinois

Erie Canal

Erie Canal- 1. Developing transportation Linked Hudson River to lake Erie. Also connected Ocean to the Great Lakes. NYC= the most dominant port in country.

American system 2. Establishing a protective tariff. -After war of 1812 British irons and textiles were stock piled. -Were sold incredibly cheaper than American goods -Few bought American goods cause of the price. - Placing a tariff on imports would increase the cost of foreign goods= no more price advantage.

3. National Bank