Water Erosion Chapter 3 Section 2

Standard S 6.2.a – Students know water running downhill is the dominant process in shaping the landscape S 6.2.a – Students know water running downhill is the dominant process in shaping the landscape S6.2.b- Students know rivers and streams are dynamic systems that erode, transport sediment in natural and recurring patterns. S6.2.b- Students know rivers and streams are dynamic systems that erode, transport sediment in natural and recurring patterns.

Anticipatory Set Record how many drops a faucet releases in 1 minute Record how many drops a faucet releases in 1 minute Place one bar of soap in a dry place Place one bar of soap in a dry place Place one bar of soap in a wet place Place one bar of soap in a wet place Let this go on for 10 minutes Let this go on for 10 minutes What happened after 10 minutes to each bar of soap? What happened after 10 minutes to each bar of soap?

Vocabulary Runoff-water that moves over earth’s surface Runoff-water that moves over earth’s surface Rill- runoff forms tiny grooves in the soil Rill- runoff forms tiny grooves in the soil Gully- large groove, or channel that carries runoff from storms. Gully- large groove, or channel that carries runoff from storms. Stream- a channel that water is flowing down a slope Stream- a channel that water is flowing down a slope Energy- the ability to do work or cause change Energy- the ability to do work or cause change

Vocabulary Language of the Discipline Flood plain- flat, wide area of land along a river Flood plain- flat, wide area of land along a river Meander- loop-like bend in the course of a river Meander- loop-like bend in the course of a river Oxbow lake- a meander that has been cut off from the river Oxbow lake- a meander that has been cut off from the river Alluvial fan- a wide, sloping deposit of sediment- formed when a stream leaves a mountain range Alluvial fan- a wide, sloping deposit of sediment- formed when a stream leaves a mountain range Delta- sediment deposited where a river flows into a lake builds up a landform Delta- sediment deposited where a river flows into a lake builds up a landform Load- the amount of sediment that a river carries Load- the amount of sediment that a river carries

Input

Input Summer- water running, pebbles and sand move at the bottom of the river, it carries leaves downstream. Insects drink from the river Summer- water running, pebbles and sand move at the bottom of the river, it carries leaves downstream. Insects drink from the river Winter- the stream freezes, chunks of ice grid away at the stream bed and banks. Winter- the stream freezes, chunks of ice grid away at the stream bed and banks. Spring- stream floods and may be strong enough to move large rocks. Spring- stream floods and may be strong enough to move large rocks. Streams- cause erosion because of the sediments it carries Streams- cause erosion because of the sediments it carries

Input Runoff- water that moves over Earth’s surface. Runoff- water that moves over Earth’s surface. Runoff that flows in a thin layer over the land is called sheet erosion. Runoff that flows in a thin layer over the land is called sheet erosion. 5 factors 5 factors Amount of rain Amount of rain Vegetation Vegetation Type of soil Type of soil Shape of land Shape of land How people use the land How people use the land

Input Through erosion, a river creates valleys, waterfalls, flood plains, meanders and oxbow lakes. Through erosion, a river creates valleys, waterfalls, flood plains, meanders and oxbow lakes. Energy- the ability to do work Energy- the ability to do work All along a river, the water’s energy does work. All along a river, the water’s energy does work. Rivers often form on steep mountain slopes Rivers often form on steep mountain slopes Near the mouth of a river, it is fast flowing, and follows a straight and narrow course. Near the mouth of a river, it is fast flowing, and follows a straight and narrow course.

Input Waterfalls- occurs when a river meets hard rock and erodes it slowly. It flows over the rock and then flows over softer rock downstream. Waterfalls- occurs when a river meets hard rock and erodes it slowly. It flows over the rock and then flows over softer rock downstream. Softer rock wears away faster than harder rock Softer rock wears away faster than harder rock Floodplain- flat, wide area of land. This occurs when it overflows its banks during flooding Floodplain- flat, wide area of land. This occurs when it overflows its banks during flooding

Input A river is a dynamic system. A river is a dynamic system. A rivers slope, volume of flow and the shape of its streambed all affect how fast the river flows and how much sediment it can erode. A rivers slope, volume of flow and the shape of its streambed all affect how fast the river flows and how much sediment it can erode. The amount of sediment that a river carries is called a load. The amount of sediment that a river carries is called a load. Slope- if more water flows through a river, then its speed will increase. Slope- if more water flows through a river, then its speed will increase. Flow- the volume of water that moves past a point on a river in a given time Flow- the volume of water that moves past a point on a river in a given time

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