Reformation
Problems in the Catholic Church Clergy was uneducated Church was busy with secular affairs and not doing its spiritual duty Priests were selling indulgences
Early Calls for Reform John Wycliffe and John Huss- taught that the Bible had more authority than church leaders Girolamo Savonarola- urged people to give up luxuries
Renaissance Ideas Secular Individualism Christian Humanists Printing Press
Who was Martin Luther? German Monk who was dissatisfied with the church
Why was Luther Angry with the Church? Tetzel was selling indulgences for personal use
What Action did He Take? Nailed his 95 Theses to the castle church in Wittenburg, Germany in 1517
What are the Main Ideas of his Teaching? Salvation through faith alone Teaching should be based on the Bible All people are equal before God
What was the Pope’s Reaction? Pope threatened excommunication Luther burned the decree
What did the Holy Roman Emperor do? Charles V summoned him to trial in the town of Worms Created the Edict of Worms- Luther declared an outlaw and heretic Prince of Saxony sheltered Luther Luther translated the Bible into German New religious group formed- Lutherans
What was the Reaction from the Peasantry? 1524 peasants want an end to serfdom and revolt Luther does not support the revolt and the princes of Germany massacre 100,000 people
Germany at War Northern German princes supported Luther for political reasons Other princes signed an agreement to join forces against Luther’s ideas In reaction, Luther’s supporters signed a protest against the agreement and became Protestants Charles V declared war against Protestants and won but they didn’t go back to the Catholic Church Peace of Augsburg- religion of each German state would be decided by its ruler