Fungi

Where are Fungi found? Water, air, gardens, food, humans – EVERYWHEREWater, air, gardens, food, humans – EVERYWHERE

What are Fungi? EukaryoticEukaryotic Heterotroph - DecomposersHeterotroph - Decomposers Most multicellular (mushroom), a unicellular (yeast)Most multicellular (mushroom), a few are unicellular (yeast) Cell wall made of chitinCell wall made of chitin g

Basic Structure of Fungi Hyphae – basic structural units of multicellular fungi,Hyphae – basic structural units of multicellular fungi, filled with cytoplasm and nucleifilled with cytoplasm and nuclei Septa – cross walls of hyphae (divided into individual cells)Septa – cross walls of hyphae (divided into individual cells)

Adaptations of Fungi Can be harmful –Can be harmful – –Food spoilage –Disease in humans and plants – ex. athlete’s foot, ringworm, thrush & Dutch Elm disease Thrush _ jpg&imgrefurl= =__bRRT8HwfF1BSvYyw4By2CAIcRxM=&h=432&w=288&sz=106&hl=en&start=7&itbs=1&t bnid=HrrPVzoZkvR4AM:&tbnh=126&tbnw=84&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddutch%2Belm%2Bdis ease%2Bfungus%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive%26sa%3DN%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%2 6tbs%3Disch:1

Can be helpful – –as decomposers they break down a huge amount of waste and return nutrients to the soil. –forms symbiotic relationships with autotrophs (ex. Lichens are fungi and photosynthetic bacteria)

Can be helpful – –They help make important medicine, including antibiotics – for example the Penicillium mold produces the chemical penicillin that we use as an important antibiotic

How Fungi Obtain Food Heterotrophs – Will obtain nutrients from some other food source.Heterotrophs – Will obtain nutrients from some other food source. Decomposers – Break down substances & obtain nutrients through extracellular digestion.Decomposers – Break down substances & obtain nutrients through extracellular digestion. Extracellular Digestion – secrete enzymes on some other organism, the enzymes break down the organism, then the fungi will obtain nutrients by absorption.Extracellular Digestion – secrete enzymes on some other organism, the enzymes break down the organism, then the fungi will obtain nutrients by absorption.

Reproduction in Fungi Asexual reproduction – by fragmentation, budding, or sporesAsexual reproduction – by fragmentation, budding, or spores Sexual reproduction – exchanging genetic materialSexual reproduction – exchanging genetic material

Examples of Fungi Common bread moldsCommon bread molds MushroomsMushrooms MorelMorel PuffballPuffball

The EndThe End