MODAL VERBS MUST HAVE TO CAN COULD SHOULD MUSTN’T DON’T HAVE TO CAN’T COULDN’T SHOULDN’T.

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MODAL VERBS MUST HAVE TO CAN COULD SHOULD MUSTN’T DON’T HAVE TO CAN’T COULDN’T SHOULDN’T

Modal verbs Rules – They are followed by a verb in the base form I can run very fast – They are the same for all the pronouns She/they/I/ you could make it better – They do not need auxiliars. They take direct negative and qestion forms You can’t smoke here / Can you repeat that? – They never combine with another modal verbs You can’t must read**

MUST / HAVE TO Must No change in third person She must study hard to pass Present tense only He must clean the room now Mustn’t is the negative form You mustn’t smoke in the school HAVE TO It changes in the third person You have to study She has to be at home at 7.00 It can be used in any tense I had to study yesterday The negative form is DON’T HAVE TO / DOESN’T HAVE TO You don’t have to come if you don’t want to Both of them express obligation or strong necessity

MUST obligation or prohibition You must study to pass the exams He must come to school everyday You mustn’t smoke in the school She mustn’t drink alcohol if she is under 16 HAVE TO Obligation and something which is not necessary You don’t have to bring me a present You have to bring your books everyday She doesn’t have to come if she is busy He has to be quiet in my classroom

Can and could Can expresses ability I can speak English You can’t play the guitar Where can you play tennis? Could expresses ability in the past tense. It is also like CAN but in a formal way I could touch my nose with the tongue when I was six She couldn’t speak properly when she was 2 years old Could you pass me the salt, please?

SHOULD "Should" is most commonly used to make recommendations or give advice When you go to Berlin, you should visit the palaces in Potsdam. recommendation You should focus more on your family and less on work. advice I really should be in the office by 7:00 AM. obligation By now, they should already be in Dubai. expectation

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