1. M DALS
SEMI-M DALS
Part 2

2. SHOULD OUGHT TO To give advice or opinions You should always wear
your lifejacket
when you
go white
water rafting.

3. SHOULD
2.To ask for advice
Should I change my
hairstyle?

4. SHOULD 3.I / We – Polite suggestions You look cold. Should I put
the heating
on?

5. SHOULD OUGHT TO 4.To show that we expect something to happen
They should be
here any
minute now.

6. WILL To show a future certainty It’s Bob’s birthday next Sunday.
He will be six
years old.

7. WILL
2. Predictions
You will earn a lot of
money!

8. WILL
3. On-the-spot decisions
It’s cold.
I will close
the window.

9. WILL
4. Requests
Will you help
me carve the
turkey please?

10. WILL
5. Offers and
promises
I will always
love you.

11. WOULD Polite requests and offers Would you reach that bag for me,
please?

12. WOULD 2. Repeated actions in the past When we were young, Grandma
always
tell us
stories.

13. SHALL 1. I / We – To make polite suggestions (interrogative form)
Shall I help
you cross
the street?

14. NEEDN’T 1.To show that something is not necessary The farmer
needn’t buy
any eggs.

15. BE ABLE TO 1.To show ability in all tenses She was able to
climb to the top
of the mountain.

16. HAVE TO NEED TO 1. Obligation or necessity in all tenses
A doctor has to wear
a uniform
at work.

17. DON’T HAVE TO DON’T NEED TO 1.To show that something is not necessary
He doesn’t have
to buy any fish.

18. Can’t – Mustn’t – May not
USE
MODALS / SEMI-MODALS
Ability
Can - Could - Be able to
Possibility
Can – Could – May - Might
Prohibition
Can’t – Mustn’t – May not
Logical Assumption
Must – Can’t
Permission
Can – Could – May – Might – Mustn’t

19. Can – Could – May – Might – Will - Would
USE
MODALS / SEMI-MODALS
Necessity
Must – Have to – Need to
Advice
Should – Ought to
Obligation
Must – Have to
Request
Can – Could – May – Might – Will - Would
Offer
Shall – Can - Would
Suggestion
Shall – Can - Could