1. MODALS

2. Look at the sentences Marge says

3. MODAL VERBS
DEFINITION
STRUCTURE
III. HOW TO USE !

4. Two of my friends can play guitar (ability)
MODAL VERBS
I. DEFINITION
A modal verb is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to indicate modality-that is likelihood, ability, permission, possiblity,...
Two of my friends can play guitar (ability)

5. MODAL VERBS LIST OF MODAL VERBS Can Could Must Should
These all can be called MODALS

6. Subject Modal verb Main verb Complement I We They You He She It must
II. STRUCTURE
Subject
Modal verb
Main verb
Complement I We
They
You He
She It
must
can
should go
to sleep.
drink
some water.
eat
some food. do
some exercise.
Use the basic form or INFINITIVE of the main verbs after the modal verbs.

7. MODAL VERBS
a. Modal verbs do not add s or es to the third person singular.
He can swim.
He cans swim.

8. MODAL VERBS
b. Modal verbs don’t need auxiliaries to form negative and question.
Exp : She should stay.
She doesn’t should stay.
→ She shouldn’t stay.
→ Why should she stay?
Why does she stay?
c. Modal verbs don’t have infinitives or –ing forms
Exp: canning to should

9. MODAL VERBS CAN HOW TO USE Use Example
Ability / Possibility  They can control their own work.
Impossibility  We can’t fix it.
Asking for permission  Can I bring the food to the party?
Request  Can you help me?

10. MODAL VERBS COULD Use Example
permission  Could I borrow your dictionary?
request  Could you say it again more slowly?
possibility  I think we could have another tea. .
ability  He gave up his old job so he could
work for us.

11. MODAL VERBS MUST Use Example obligation  You must obey the law
things necessarry to do  We must go now.
strong recommendation  You must see The Hobbit! .

12. MODAL VERBS prohibition  You mustn’t break the law. MUSTN’T
Use Example
prohibition  You mustn’t break the law. .

13. MODAL VERBS SHOULD III. USAGE
Use Example
Saying what’s right or correct (advice)  We should solve this problem.
Possibility  Fees should decrease next year.

14. MODAL VERBS SHOULDN’T III. USAGE
Use Example
Saying what’s wrong or incorrect (advice)  We shouldn’t solve this problem without consulting it with the boss first.

15. Be able to AND have to ARE NOT MODAL VERBS

16. WE USE BE ABLE TO IN DIFFERENT TENSES
NORMAL VERBS
BE ABLE TO
Use Example
ability  I’m able to dance.
possibility  Will you be able to come to the party?
WE USE BE ABLE TO IN DIFFERENT TENSES .

17. WE USE HAVE TO IN DIFFERENT TENSES
NORMAL VERBS
HAVE TO
Use Example
obligation  You have to come to work on time.
things necessary to do  You have to decide on the new logo.
strong recommendations  You have to see The Hobbit! .
WE USE HAVE TO IN DIFFERENT TENSES

18. NORMAL VERBS DON’T HAVE TO
Use Example
no obligation  You don’thave to come to the party if you don’t want to. .

19. COMPARE MUST AND HAVE TO III. USAGE
Use Example
obligation  You must/have to obey the law.
things necessary to do  You must/have to go now.
Strong recommendation  You must/have to see The Hobbit!

20. MUSTN’T AND DON’T HAVE TO
COMPARE
III. USAGE
MUSTN’T AND DON’T HAVE TO
Use Example
prohibition use MUSTN’T  You mustn’t park here (or You can’t park here/ You’re not allowed to park here)
things not necessary to do HAVE TO  You don’t have to do this exercise. (you can if you want to BUT you don’t have to)

21. NO MUST IN THE PAST MUST AND HAVE TO !!! PAY ATTENTION
Use Example
NEVER USE MUST IN THE PAST  You must/have to do your job past > You had to do your job.

22. THE END
Thanks for your attention