1. Teacher’s name: Haitam Hleihil
Grade : 9 “2”
School : Segev shalom high school
Subject : modals & semi-modals

2. Modals and Semi Modals

3. Here are some of the modals & semi-modals
could
can
should
might
may
Be able to
have to
must

4. Use We use modals and semi-modals to add meaning to the verb.
We use can/could to add meaning of:
1) ability: I run fast I can run fast
2) permission: you can invite your friend.
Could is the past form of can :
I could run fast when I was young.
We use must to talk about obligation :
I must go to school everyday.

5. We use may to add meaning of :
1) possibility: it may rain later today.
2) permission: you may use my phone.
We use might to add meaning of possibility:
we might go out later today.
We use should to add meaning of suggestion:
you should study more

6. Modals

7. Form Modals behave the same with all of the pronouns: I You can/could
We may/might
They should
He must
She It

8. Rule: subject modal verb in base form
Modals are always followed by a verb in its base form and come after the subject.
Rule: subject modal verb in base form
EXAMPLES:
He can speak English vs. He speaks English
You may go out .
She may take the book to school.
They should do their homework.
We must wake up early.

9. Negative form 2. We use "not“ after the modal to make negative form.
EXAMPLES: He should not be late. They might not come to school.
I cannot eat any more cakes.

10. 3. Many modal verbs cannot be used in the past tenses or the future tenses.
EXAMPLES:
He will can go with us.  WRONG
She must studied very hard. WRONG

11. Semi modals

12. Semi-modals
Many modals cannot be used in all of the English tenses. That's why we need to know their meaning and the substitute for these modal verbs.

13. Be able to We use this semi-modal to express: ability Permission use:
We use “be able to” in the past, present and future tense.

14. present Yes/no question: Are you able to walk?
Positive: I am able to walk.
Negative: I am not able to walk.
Yes/no question: Are you able to walk?
Wh-question: When are you able to walk?

15. past positive: I was able to run. Negative: I was not able to run.
Yes/No question: Were you able to run?
Wh-question: Why were you able to run?

16. future Positive: I will be able to run fast.
Negative: I will not be able to run fast.
Yes/no question: will you be able to run?
Wh-question: why will you be able to run?

17. have to - has to had to – will have to
= it is necessary
=shows obligation and giving advice.
have to/has to –in the present/near future
had to –in the past
will have to –in the future

18. Present I You have to We don’t have to They He She has to
It doesn’t have to
*Don’t have to/doesn’t have to: it’s not necessary

19. Forming questions Yes/no questions:
To form yes/no question we put the helping verb “do”/”does” in the beginning of the sentence :
For example:
1)you have to do your homework.
Do you have to do you homework?
she has to do her homework.
Does she have to do her homework?

20. Wh question:
we add wh-word at the beginning of the yes/no question to for wh-question.
For example: Do you have to do your homework?
why do you have to do your homework?
Does she have to do her homework?
Why does she have to do her homework?

21. past
I You We had to They didn’t have to He She It

22. Forming questions Yes/no questions: Wh-questions:
To form a yes/no question in the past tense we put the helping verb “did” at the beginning of the sentence:
for example: she had to do her homework.
Did she have to do her homework?
Wh-questions:
To form wh-question we add a wh-word at the beginning of the yes/no question:
for example: Did she have to do her homework?
why did she have to do her homework?

23. Future
I You We They will have to He will not have to She It

24. Yes/no questions:
To form a yes/no question in the future tense we put the word “will” at the beginning of the sentence:
for example: she will have to do her homework.
will she have to do her homework?
Wh-questions:
To form wh-question we add a wh-word at the beginning of the yes/no question:
for example: will she have to do her homework?
why will she have to do her homework?

25. Practice time