1. Who opposed revolution? The wealthy: they lost their $, land, privileges, businesses, luxuries US and UK: concerned about Communism because it could spread “domino theory” General people who either didn’t think the Soviets would be any better/ people loyal to old gov’t Mollie: sugar and ribbons lost. Didn’t have to work and was treated great. Now she has to EARN basic needs. Leaves for her benefit. Befriends the enemy, doesn’t care about her own kind! Luxuries! Other farms? Benjamin: doesn’t care about the new gov’t because over time things will be the same anyway Moses the raven: loyal to Jones

2. Lenin : Old Major Leader who lived in Russia and started communism and applied the manifesto Dies shortly after having power. Leaves a position to be filled. Stalin and Trotsky fight to fill it. Dies before rev. but gives ideas of Animalism. 7 commandments. Leave Napoleon and Snowball to fight for power.

3. Trotsky: Snowball Great speaker and writer. Gains support through eloquent speaking, seems concerned about citizens. More concerned with regular citizens and their support Visionary thinker: dreams of Russia as industrial and all citizens improve and unite Exiled and killed by Stalin’s henchmen in Mexico Writes commandments and great speaker. Authority is respected by animals. Fair to all of the animals Makes committees: egg production committee, wild reeducation, teaches them to read. Designed to industrialize, better and educate animals. (committees failed!) Fights with Napoleon, but Snowball gets more animals on his side. (speaker!) Dogs attack him because he is a political threat. Interested in industrializing farm = windmill. More involved and present on farm then Napoleon. Authoritarian rather than Totalitarian Exiled Plans and is a hero in Battle of Cowshed. Strategist. Charges Jones (fights with his men, not just a commander) Medals are given to others.

4. Stalin: Napoleon Good speaker, just not as good as Trotsky. Keeps to himself/ administrative duties Focused on making bonds with powerful influential people in the Soviet Union. 5 year plan! Industrialize Russia KGB: “silences” kills opposition, spies and creates fear amongst citizens. Overthrows Trotsky His own interests (steals milk, educates puppies) Breaks commandments to fit his needs Totalitarian (not nice, doesn’t accept any other opinion Eliminates freedom of speech by eliminating meetings, takes away votes Uses squealer to trick them into followings Uses fear: dogs (KGB, Red Army) Rids farm of competition, (When he fears his power is challenged he is worse) Squealer manipulates their opinions Complete control of farm (dictatorial) Steals windmill idea as own. Pees on plans, jealousy? Doesn’t take part in Battle of Cowshed