1. Class Notes Chapter 10 Europe Explores The World MAIN IDEAS In search of Gold, Glory and God Quest for knowledge, commercial and religious exploration

2. I. Europe Gets Ready to Explore 1.In the 1400s, trade with Asia, new technology, and the rise of strong kingdoms led to European exploration. 2.New technology: Astrolabe, compass, ships called caravels, better cartography 3.Portugal, Spain, France, and England funded voyages and soon controlled the Americas, and parts of Africa, India and Asia. *What did the European kingdoms want to achieve? What new technologies enabled exploration to take place? What advantages did these countries have?

4. II. Exploring the World The Big Achievements 1.Henry the “Navigator” set up a research center in Portugal with sailors, cartographers, and shipbuilders. 2.Vasco da Gama rounded Africa reaching India. 3.Columbus claimed Caribbean islands for Spain. 4.Magellan entered the Pacific Ocean through the Strait of Magellan. His men became the first to circumnavigate the globe.

8. III. Trade and Empire and the Columbian Exchange 1.Spain and Portugal controlled colonies in North America, Mexico, and South America. After the English defeated the Spanish Armada, England, France, and the Netherlands established colonies too. 2. Mercantilism: power comes from gold and silver by exporting more goods than importing. Colonies traded and produced goods. 3. Joint stock-companies (groups of businesspeople) and the “cottage-industry” ( peasants making goods cheaply ) led to capitalism : individuals and private companies can own property and buy and sell goods. 4. The Columbian Exchange was the exchange of goods, technology, people, ideas and diseases between the Europe and other parts of the world.

9. IV: The Columbian Exchange