1. Adolescent and Adult Development & Gender Identity & Roles

2. Adolescent Development:
Warm up: What is the most difficult part of adolescence?

3. Family Conflicts Percentage of Male and Female Adolescents Rating Issues as Leading to Family Conflict
Eating dinner with family
Arguing
Church attendance
Spending time with certain boy or girl
Not being home enough
Getting to use the car
Understanding each other
Responsibility at home
Source = Kinloch, G. C. Parent-youth conflict at home. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 1970, 40(4), Copyright 1970 by the American Orthopsychiatric Association, Inc.
Have things changed? How?

4. G. Stanley Hall…Storm and Stress!!!
Problem Areas =
Parent-child conflicts
Mood changes (self-conscious, awkward, lonely, ignored)
Risky Behavior (aggression, unprotected sex, drug and alcohol use)

5. Physical Development
Puberty = the time when sexual organs mature and additional physical and emotional changes take place
What are some psychological & social effects of puberty?

6. Social Development Major task of Identity Formation = “Who am I?”
Crash course video:
XGUCngoU

7. Adolescent Brain

9. Cognitive Development
Capable of logical, hypothetical and abstract thinking
Development of introspection
Metacognition = Growing awareness of one’s own mental process

11. “To adulthood & beyond…”

12. Physical Changes Early adulthood (20-40) = development continues
Middle adulthood (40-65) =
Abilities peak and begin a gradual decline…signs of aging
Fertility declines in both sexes & women undergo menopause
Late adulthood (65 on) =
Susceptibility to heart disease & increased deterioration of body

13. Social Changes Relationship development Career Selection / longevity
Parenting (pre-parenting, parenting and Empty-Nest Syndrome)
Generativity– producing something that will outlast you
Identity Crisis (“mid-life” crisis or “middle age crazy”)
Retirement
Social Isolation

14. Cognitive Changes Early & Middle = Cog. abilities improve
Experience, information accumulation, refine skills = adult thought process is more complex & adaptive than adolescent
Late Adulthood = speed of information absorption slows
Decline in memory
Unfamiliar tasks more difficult

15. Cognitive Changes Declines continue
Memory- changes observed in secondary memory (the learning of new material)
Intelligence shows minor decline with age
Terminal Drop –a drop in mental functioning that precedes death by up to about 5 years
Dementia & Alzheimers

16. Gender roles

17. Common Stereotypes: Masculine Traits Feminine Traits Active Aggressive
Ambitious
Competitive
Dominant
Feels superior
Independent
Self confident
Considerate
Devotes self to others
Emotional
Gentle
Home oriented
Kind
Likes children
Passive

18. Sex v. Gender Identity
In a society filled with gender stereotypes, children regularly learn to adopt gender roles.  
Gender stereotypes: widely held beliefs about characteristics thought appropriate for males and females 
Gender roles: the reflection of gender stereotypes in everyday behavior 

19. Costs of gender role stereotypes?
Limiting opportunities for both sexes
“When children are exposed to non-stereotyped models, for example, mothers who are employed or fathers who do the ironing and cooking, they are less traditional in their beliefs and behaviors. These children  have been found to have higher self-esteem, higher levels of identity achievement and more flexibility in dating and relationships” (Berk, 2000 and Witt, 1997). 
Children’s book: I’m Glad I’m a Boy, I’m Glad I’m a Girl…

27. Video: Born a Boy, Brought Up a Girl
How do we perpetuate?
Cartoons or movies (ex: Disney!)
Clothing stores and ads
Music and music videos
Toy stores
Video: Born a Boy, Brought Up a Girl