1. Separating Mixtures

2. Learning Objective
List and describe several techniques used to separate mixtures.

3. Separating Mixtures
Because mixtures are PHYSICAL combinations of substances, the components can be separated by PHYSICAL means.
Methods of separation take advantage of differences in physical properties of the mixed substances.

4. How would you separate this mixture?
Iron Filings
Sulfur

5. Magnetism
If one of the components of a mixture has magnetic properties, a magnet can be used to separate the mixture.
Iron, nickel, cobalt
Not all metals are magnetic.
Gold, silver, and aluminum are not magnetic

6. Filtration
Heterogeneous mixtures composed of solids and liquids are easily separated by filtration.
Filtration is a technique that uses a porous barrier to separate a solid from a liquid.

7. Decanting
Decanting is a process of separating mixtures which allows a mixture of solids and liquids or two immiscible liquids to settle and separate by gravity.
Once the mixture components have separated, the lighter liquid is poured off leaving the heavier liquid or solid behind.

8. Sifting or Sieving
Sifting is a method of separation used to separate a dry mixture that contains substances of different sizes by passing it through a sieve, a device containing tiny holes.

9. Distillation
Most homogeneous mixtures can be separated by distillation.
Distillation is a separation technique that is based on differences in the boiling points of the substances involved.

10. Distillation
In distillation, a mixture is heated until the substance with the lowest boiling point boils to a vapor that can then be condensed into a liquid and collected.

11. Crystallization
Crystallization is a separation technique that results in the formation of pure solid particles of a substance from a solution containing the dissolved substance.
Rock candy

12. Chromatography
Chromatography is a technique that separates the components of a mixture (called the mobile phase) based on the ability of each component to travel or be drawn across the surface of another material (called the stationary phase).

13. Chromatography
Usually the mobile phase is a gas or a liquid, and the stationary phase is a solid, such as chromatography paper.
The separation occurs because the various components of the mixture spread through the paper at different rates.

14. Separating Mixtures Foldable
Method
Magnetism
Filtration
Decanting
Sifting
Distillation
Crystallization
Chromatography
On the outside of tabs of the foldable, write the name of each method of separation as shown

15. Separating Mixtures Foldable
How
What
Mixtures with magnetic substances
Magnet
On outside tabs, describe how substances are separated by that particular method
On inside tabs record what types of mixtures are separated using this method

16. Homework Cue column questions and summary Separating Mixtures Foldable
Separating Mixtures worksheet