1. CH 2 Sections 1,2 Colonial Times

2. Why did the Spanish seek colonies in the New World? Pleased by Columbus’ success, Spain continued to send conquistadores to the New World to look for gold and silver. Spain had recently been united and the Spanish warrior class that emerged as a result of the struggles for unification needed to find work.

3. Hernándo Cortés Landed in Mexico in 1519. He soon heard about the rich Aztec empire, and sought to conquer the people to gain their gold and silver..

4. Moctezuma (leader of the Aztecs) believed that Cortes was a god, and gave him gold. Then, when the Aztecs resisted, they were overwhelmed by Spanish arms (technology) and small pox (disease).

5. New Spain: Colony set up by Spain in Central America. The capital was Mexico City.

6. Encomienda: Brutal Spanish system of using Native Americans for labor..

7. Mestizos People who were part Spanish and part Native American.

8. So many colonists came to find gold and so they did not focus on growing food. Many died. John Smith took over and forced the colonists to farm. They also received food from the Powhatan Indians. Jamestown: First permanent English settlement in North America (1607)

9. Jamestown started the headright system. People were needed to farm tobacco because the colony realized they could sell the product in England at great profit. Indentured servants arrived as well.

10. When Jamestown expanded, the Powhatan fought back, killing 340 colonists. The VA Co. sent more soldiers but this nearly bankrupted the company. The English government took control and it was made a royal colony, under the control of the king.

11. Nathaniel Bacon Settler who led freed indentured servants in western VA against the Indians in struggles for more land.