1. Upgrade 2 - Unit 1 Grammar Reference Review of Verb Tenses

2. We use the Simple Present to express repetead actions, statements, facts, and routines. FUTUREPAST PRESENT I always go to school by bus. My father lives in another city. Brazil produces great part of the coffee consumed in the world. I wake up at 7 a.m. on weekdays.

3. AFFIRMATIVE FORM I You He SheIt We YouThey early. wake up wakes up

4. NEGATIVE FORM do does I You He SheIt doWe YouThey early.wake up not do notdon’tdoes notdoesn’t

5. INTERROGATIVE FORM Do Does I you he sheit Do we youthey early? wake up

6. And you? What is your routine? Can you describe your typical weekdays? What do you usually do in your free time? What about you best friend? What does she/he usually do in her/his free time?

7. We use the Present Continuous to talk about actions, events or situations that are happening NOW. We can also use it to talk about activities that will happen in the future or that are consistently planned. I’m having an English class now. My mom is making lunch for us. FUTUREPAST PRESENT

8. AFFIRMATIVE FORM am are is I You He SheIt areWe YouThey on the street. walking

9. NEGATIVE FORM am are is I You He SheIt areWe YouThey on the street. walking not

10. INTERROGATIVE FORM Am Are Is I you he sheit Are we youthey on the street? walking

11. And you? Where is your mom or dad right now? What is she/he doing? Do not look at the person next to you. What is he/she wearing? Can you remember? What are you doing next weekend?

12. We use the Simple Past to talk about actions that happened at a specific time in the past. FUTUREPAST PRESENT I visited Peru in 2004. Paula broke her arm yesterday. Did you read the book I told you about? It is frequently used to tell and retell stories, memories and facts.

13. NEGATIVE FORM did I You He SheIt We YouThey to him. listen not did notdidn’t

14. Did you visit Peru in 2004? Did you read the book I told you about? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t

15. And you? What about yesterday? And your last weekend? Can you list the things you did? Talk a little bit about your childhood. List the things you used to do/like and the places you used to go when you were a child. Do you remember your last dream? Tell more about it.

16. I’m going to visit my parent’s farm next month. Susan is going to buy a new car as soon as she finds a new job. We use GOING TO + infinitive to talk about plans and intentions for the future. FUTUREPAST PRESENT

17. AFFIRMATIVE FORM am are is I You He SheIt areWe YouThey buy a new car. going to

18. NEGATIVE FORM am are is I You He SheIt areWe YouThey buy a new car. going to not

19. INTERROGATIVE FORM Am Are Is I you he sheit Are we youthey buy a new car. going to

20. And you? What are you going to do after class? What are your plans for your next vacation? What are your carreer intentions? Do you have any plans?

21. We use it to talk about an action or event that was happening around a particular time in the past. FUTUREPAST PRESENT I broke my arm when I was skiing. skiing

22. AFFIRMATIVE FORM was were was I You He SheIt wereWe YouThey ing. skiing.

23. NEGATIVE FORM I You He SheIt We YouThey ing. skiing. not was were was were

24. INTERROGATIVE FORM i you he sheit we youthey ing? skiing? Was Were Was Were

25. And you? What were you studying before this class? What were you doing yesterday in the afternoon? What were your parents doing last Saturday night?