1. Classification How Many Species Are There? Global estimates vary from 2 million to 100 million a best estimate of somewhere near 10 million only 1.4 million have actually been named Problem: limits of current knowledge of species diversity are compounded by the lack of a central database or list of the world's species.

2. In order to be able to study & understand various species they must be divided up into smaller groups. Taxonomy = the science of naming organisms 1 & assigning them to groups 2. Why do we need a classification system?

3. Naming Organisms A globally accepted biological classification system is needed. Carolus Linnaeus: devised a naming system called binomial nomenclature. Binomial nomenclature: a naming system in which each organism assigned a 2-part scientific name. Homo sapiens Genus species Genus: Capitalized & italicized, a group of similar species species: A group of individuals with same genetic makeup and can produce fertile offspring

4. Grouping Organisms Taxonomic Hierarchy: Group according to similar body structures Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata ClassMammalia Order Primates Family Hominidae Genus Homo SpeciesSapiens

5. The Five Kingdoms Monera ProtistaFungiPlantaeAnimalia BacteriaDiatomsMushroomsFlowersRaccoon

6. The Monera Kingdom Bacteria Eubacteria Bacilli Cocci Spirilla Extreme conditions Archaebacteria methanogens halophiles thermophiles sulfate reducers

7. The Protista Kingdom Protista Protozoa Water Molds algaeSlime Molds Grape Mildew

8. The Fungi Kingdom Fungi Zygomycota Deuteromycota Ascomycota Basidiomycota MushroomOrange moldYeast Penicillium

9. The Plantae Kingdom Plantae Non Vascular Vascular Seedless Vascular Naked Seeded Vascular Seeded

10. The Animalia Kingdom Invertebrate Animalia Vertebrate Fish Amphibian ReptileBirdMammal

11. Biodiversity 1.4 million have actually been named Between 50,000 and 100,000 species lost every year. Up to 100 species become extinct every day. Scientists estimate that the total number of species lost each year will climb at a rate far exceeding any in the last 65 million years.

12. The End The Hamel