1. What is a verb? Verbs are words that describe: –an action Bill hopped, skipped, and ran down the street. –a state Her name is Sally. She has three brothers and a sister. – an occurrence/happening Snow glistened on the tree tops. The blackout occurred after midnight.

2. Auxiliary (Helping) Verbs Auxiliary (helping) verbs are words that help the main verb. They have no meaning on their own. Helping verbs are needed to make the sentence grammatically correct. Auxiliary (helping) verbs are words that help the main verb. They have no meaning on their own. Helping verbs are needed to make the sentence grammatically correct.Examples: Peter is going to town. Jane would have gone, but she didn’t have a ride.

3. Auxiliary (Helping) Verb Song (Sung to the tune of Jingle Bells) Helping Verbs! Helping Verbs! There are 23.... Am, is are! Was and were! Being, been, and be! Have, has, had! Do, does, did! Have, has, had! Do, does, did! Shall, should, will, and would! There are 5 more helping verbs: may, might, must, can, and could! There are 5 more helping verbs: may, might, must, can, and could!

4. Auxiliary (Helping) Verbs may might must be being been am are is was were (main) do does did (main) should could would have had has (main) will can shall

5. Practice Verb Phrases include the MV and any AuxV Auxiliary Verb Main Verb 1. Chris has gone to the movie. hasgone 2. That worker had eaten in a café. hadeaten

6. Practice: Identify MV + AuxV 1. That car was sent to the shop again. 2. A credit card disappeared from his wallet. 1. The tomato plant has grown extremely large. 2. Marty had come to the party early. 3. We could have swum for another hour. 4. I will sit here awhile and rest my feet. 5. You should lay the book on the table. ____ _____ _______________ ___ _______ _____ ______ _______ ___ ____ ________ ___

7. Practice: Identify MV + AuxV 1. A surfer laid his board on the sand. 2. My grandfather sits by a stream during fishing season. 3. Jenny is lying in the sun without a hat. 4. That lady will always sit in the sun without her hat and sweat. 5. Before you buy a car, you should look under the hood and kick the tires. 6. Rob invented a robot that will vacuum the rug. _____ __ ______ _____ ____ ________ _____ _________ ______ _____ ____________ ____ ___________

8. Linking Verbs Linking verbs are words that connect the subject to additional information about the subject. Linking verbs are words that connect the subject to additional information about the subject. Linking verbs connect the subject to a predicate noun (PN) or predicate adjective (PA). Examples George Washington became the first president. Paul is nine years old. George Washington became the first president. Paul is nine years old.

9. Linking Verbs The most common linking verb is the verb to be. Other common linking verbs are forms of –to become –to seem –to appear –to look –to feel –to sound –to taste –to smell

10. Practice: Identify AV or LV Try to identify PA, PN, and DO…and T or I 1. The sky is cloudy. cloudy sky 2. His ring is gold. gold ring 3. _____ The fudge became sticky. 4. _____ The floor behind the stove grew dirty. 5. _____ I walked to the store. 6. _____ The soup tastes spicy to me. 7. _____ I will taste those brownies after work. PA __________ L ______ L _________ A _______ L ____ ______ A

11. Practice Try to identify PA, PN, and DO…and T or I 1. ____ Our cat seems sick. 2. ____ His idea sounded terrific. 1. ____ Choir members remain discordant. 2. ____ Joe feels tired after a long day. 3. ____ Because of the snow, the children will remain in the house. 4. ____ We must stay upbeat in spite of the loss. is was L L _______ L _____ L ___ _______ A _____ ____ L

12. Practice Try to identify PA, PN, and DO…and T or I 1. ____ A guide lives in those mountains. 2. ____ Margo could stay with her sister. 3. ____ Todd’s dogs are poodles. 4. ____ The dogs bark throughout the night. 5. ____ This document seems important. 6. ____ Mrs. Jones starts class at 8 AM. 7. ____ Students are becoming restless. ______ A _______ _____ A _____ L ______ A _________ L ________ A _____ _____________ L

13. 1. ____ Cream will turn sour in a week. 2. ____ Martha felt the rain on her face. 3. ____ You must stay clean today. 4. ____ After eating the candy, I felt sick. 5. ____ In the end, only two men remained. 6. ____ A comet appeared in the sky. 7. ____ Robin smelled the garden flowers. 8. ____ My father quickly grew impatient. ____ _____ L _____ A _______ _____ L ____ L _____________ A A ___________ A _______ L Practice Try to identify PA, PN, and DO…and T or I

14. The more you know… 1. I want to start running. want = main verb (action verb) to start = verbal (infinitive) = noun (DO) to start = verbal (infinitive) = noun (DO) Want what? “to start” to start running = infinitive phrase running = verbal (gerund) = noun (DO) Start what? “running” … but in this sentence, the “action verb” is “want” because “to start” is a verbal, not a verb.

15. 1. Feeling sad, Janice began to cry. began = main verb (action verb) Began what? “to cry” to cry = verbal (infinitive) = noun (DO) feeling = verbal (present participle) feeling sad = present participial phrase Who is feeling sad? Janice feeling sad modifies Janice (adjective) … in this sentence, the “action verb” is “began” because “to cry” and “feeling” are verbals.