1. What is Heart Disease?
Heart disease is any disorder that affects the heart’s ability to function normally.
The most common cause of heart disease is narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries which supply blood to the heart itself.

2. Coronary Arteries Supply the Heart with Oxygen and Nutrients
The heart does not get oxygen or nutrients from the blood flowing through it.
The heart gets oxygen and nutrients from the coronary arteries.
These arteries branch off from the aorta.

3. What do you think will happen if the coronary arteries become blocked?

4. If Coronary Arteries are blocked…
If these coronary arteries become blocked, the heart muscle will not receive oxygen or nutrients
What will happen to the area of heart muscle that isn’t receiving oxygen or nutrients?
Blockage in an artery can eventually cause a heart attack or stroke.
Dying Muscle

5. What causes a blocked artery?
The blockage is usually caused by a build-up of fatty deposits called plaque.
Plaque is made primarily of cholesterol
The blood vessel walls thicken and harden
This can make the passageway for blood too narrow or can completely block it.
What does blood deliver to cells? ___________ and ___________

6. Atherosclerosis The name of this disease is atherosclerosis
It is associated with:
Obesity (being overweight)
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
Diabetes
Aging

7. Other Causes of Heart Disease
Abnormal function of the heart valves
Abnormal electrical rhythm of the heart
Weakening of the heart’s pumping caused by infections or toxins
Genetic abnormalities

8. What are the Risk Factors for Heart Disease?
Some risk factors are controllable and others are uncontrollable.
Controllable Risk Factors:
Don’t smoke!!!
Maintain a healthy weight. Being overweight increases your chance of getting heart disease.
Eat a diet low in cholesterol (found in animal fat such as butter, cheese, eggs, meat)
Get plenty of exercise

9. Controllable Risk Factors

10. Uncontrollable Risk Factors
Risk factors you cannot change include:
Age
Family History
Even though you can’t change these uncontrollable risk factors, if you take good care of yourself (don’t smoke, eat a diet low in cholesterol, exercise, etc.), you lessen your overall risk of heart disease.

11. Coronary Bypass Surgery

12. Stent

13. The plaques of atherosclerosis cause the 3 main kinds of cardiovascular disease:
Coronary artery disease: Stable plaques in the heart's arteries cause angina(chest pain on exertion). Sudden plaque rupture and clotting causes heart muscle to die. This is a heart attack, or myocardial infarction.
Cerebrovascular disease: Ruptured plaques in the brain's arteries causes strokes, with the potential for permanent brain damage. Temporary blockages in an artery can also cause transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), which are warning signs of stroke; however, there is no brain injury.
Peripheral artery disease: Narrowing in the arteries of the legs caused by plaque. Peripheral artery disease causes poor circulation. This causes pain on walking and poor wound healing. Severe disease may lead to amputations.

14. Discussion
Poor health habits, such as eating a fatty diet, getting little or no exercise, and smoking, often begin quite early in one’s life.
Discuss what schools can or should do to promote healthy lifestyles for their students.