2. Organization of Notes Articles of Confederation Our first government Write “Map” Land ordinance of 1785 (Northwest Ord.) Problems under the Articles What was the difference Articles matrix (8 problems)

3. Did you know? That the United States has had TWO governments? That the Constitution is our second try at getting it right? That the first government only lasted 11 years?

4. What we need to understand: Why we created this type of government The problems we had with the new government How we fixed them

5. Articles of Confederation The FIRST government of the United States

6. The main purpose of a government is to “protect” our_____________, which are ____, _______ and ________ (as written by Englishman, ___________). Thomas Jefferson used this concept (idea) when writing the Declaration of Independence, but in the D. O. I he states life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. natural rights Purpose of Government life liberty property John Locke

7. The 4 Types of Governments

8. Types of Government There are four different types of governments: 1. ____________ (the king/queen rules everything and what they say, goes!) 2. ____________ (rule by a few, usually the rich) Oligarchy Monarchies

9. Types of Government –_________________ (rule by the people through popularly elected representatives) –______________ (everyone has a vote and say in the government for everything) pure Democracy Constitutional republic

10. So, what type of government did they finally choose for the new United States? Hint…say the “Pledge of Allegiance” for your answer!

11. Congress decided that the new ____________ of the United States should be a ________________. In a _________ the people choose _____________ to govern them. They wanted to make sure they never again had ________________________. government Constitutional republic taxation without representation representatives republic

12. The congress agreed with a plan called the __________________________. A ____________ is a type of government in which states join together for common causes, but retain (keep) their independence. NY PA MD VA NC SC GA NJ DE MA NH CT RI Articles of Confederation confederation

13. The Articles gave very little power to ________________. NYPAMDVANCSCGANJDEMANHCTRI Federal Government the federal government Power Individual States

14. Why would the states want to limit the power of the national government? They were afraid of a strong government would lead to tyranny, or oppressive rule. Just like they had under King George)

15. The Articles of Confederation is the government of the United States for_______________. It eventually fails because the national government is too weak. Why do you think the articles died? R.I.P.Articles1776-1787 the first 11 years

16. Why did they make a government that lacked power? They were afraid of a strong central government that would abuse its power like the King did.

17. Weaknesses of A.O.C. The government could not: –Enforce Laws –Collect Taxes –Regulate Trade –All 13 colonies had to approve any and all changes.

18. Big Problems… Paying back debts we owe from Revolutionary War… …How we gonna do it? Who would this anger?

19. Why were we unable to pay back France? Because the law said the states could not be forced to give money to the federal government.

20. Ok, the first government stunk, did they do ANYTHING right? Yes! They did ONE thing right, called the ___________________. Northwest Ordinance

21. Land Ordinance of 1785 A law that created the ________ ________ out of the new land from England. Northwest Territory The Northwest Territory

22. –Described how the territory was to be ___________. What The Northwest Ordinance did: governed

23. –Gave settlers the ____________ as in the original 13 colonies What The Northwest Ordinance did: same rights =

24. –Gave any future new states the same rights as _____________________. What The Northwest Ordinance did: the original 13 states =

25. –Outlawed _________ in the new land for the first time. –How easy was this decision to make? Which states would have had a difficult time supporting this decision? What The Northwest Ordinance did: slavery

26. –Set a pattern for the orderly __________________ of the United States. (establishes steps to become a state) What The Northwest Ordinance did: westward growth Go West!!!!

27. What about the People? Territories that gained 60,000 residents, and created a territorial constitution (set of local laws), had the right to petition the government for statehood (becoming a state). Examples: Michigan, Illinois, and Wisconsin were added to the number of stars on our flag as new states of the United States of America. WE WERE GROWING!!!

28. Problems Under the Articles What kind of problems do you think we would have with England? With Spain? With France?

29. Problems with other countries _________ was keeping trading posts on American Soil! _________ claimed land granted to the US in the Treaty of Paris. _________ wanted the US to pay back the money it had borrowed for the Revolution. France Spain England

30. Several states were arguing over ______________. States were ____________ and people did not have the money to pay them. Problems between the states Virginia Maryland state lines raising taxes

31. Why were we unable to pay back France? The ____________________ was responsible for paying back the money, but it was broke. The states had the money. federal government

32. Anyone not able to pay his _______ would have his farm _______ to pay the taxes. Farmers begged for __________ but the states refused. lower taxes sold taxes

33. What was the difference between the farmers being taxed by the King and being taxed by the states? According to the farmers, Nothing! They exchanged one bad ruler for another.

34. Problems with citizens So…if they were able to get rid of one bad ruler (King George III), why not get rid of the other?

35. A group of farmers led by __________ decided to rebel against ____________. They thought the government should _____ farmers, not put them _______ because they could not pay their taxes. They attacked a _____________, but were __________. defeated helpin jail courthouse the government Daniel Shays

36. Because Daniel Shays brought _________ to the problems of the farmers he won __________ of many people. This was called “_______________” The ____________ was forced to listen to the people and they decided it was time to_____________________ ________________________. fix the problems with the articles of Confederation government the support attention Shays’ Rebellion

37. The Preamble – America Rocks!

39. 9 4

43. 13 0

44. May I please have some money?