1. Chapter 6

2. Lesson 5

3. Do Now List the 5 main types of vertebrae- or as many as you can

4. Do Now Video: The Vertebral ColumnThe Vertebral Column

5. Vertebral Column Protects spinal cord Skull to pelvis ~33 bones 7 cervical (neck) C1: atlas C2: axis Occiput: articulates with atlas 12 thoracic (chest) 5 lumbar (low back) 5 fused sacral 3-5 fused coccyx (tailbone) 1 curve in the fetus Cervical curve forms 3-4 months after birth Curves provide support

6. Disorders of the Spine Kyphosis Lordosis Scoliosis When do these abnormalities occur? Where? What can be don’t to correct?

7. Intervertebral Disks Cartilage disks found between vertebral bones Prevent grinding Shock absorption Allow flexion/extension/lateral movements

8. Herniated Disk Slip or rupture of the cartilaginous disk Can press on the spinal nerves and cause pain Treatment: Repair Removal – vertebrae are fused together and provide substantially less range of motion

9. Vertebral Structures Vertebrae are small at the top of the spine Why? Vertebrae are larger at the bottom of the spine Why? Foramen: hole for the spinal cord to pass from the brain

10. In class assignment Vertebrae Worksheet

11. Homework Complete worksheet

12. Lesson 6

13. Do Now Take out Notes Packet & turn to Lesson 6

14. Atlas and Axis 2 special cervical vertebrae C1 and C2 Atlas: supports and balances the head (nodding) Axis: allows shaking of the head (no) Odontoid process connects it to the atlas

15. Rib Cage Protective (heart/lungs) Flexible (breathing) 12 pairs (24 total) Connect to thoracic vertebrae “True ribs”: first 7 pairs which connect to the sternum by costal cartilage “False ribs”: 5 pairs which do not attach to the sternum

16. Sternum Breastbone 3 bones: 1. Manubrium (superior) ribs 1-2 2. Body (Middle/largest) ribs 3-7 3. Xiphoid (inferior/smallest) no ribs - attaches to diaphragm - separates thoracic and abdominal cavities - site for CPR

17. Pectoral Girdle: 2 clavicles 2 scapulae Upper Limb: 2 humerus 2 radius 2 ulna 14 carpals 28 phalanges Pelvic Girdle: 2 coxal bones Sacrum coccyx Lower Limb: 2 femur 2 tibia 2 fibula 14 tarsals 10 metatarsals 28 phalanges Appendicular Skeleton

18. In class assignment Thoracic Labeling Diagrams http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/classware/ala.do?isbn=0072829532&alaid=ala _733424&showSelfStudyTree=true http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072919329/stu dent_view0/chapter7/labeling_exercises.html#