1. The Protestant Reformation C13S3

2. Background to the Reformation Europe: Poor, violent, inequality Catholic Church: supreme power in Europe Renaissance/People used humanist ideas to question the Church Church Abuses: Church increasingly got caught up in secular (worldly/material) affairs. Taxed people heavily, sold indulgences. Popes lived lavishly Early Revolts Against the Church: John Wycliffe & Jan Hus were early critics of the Catholic Church

3. Martin Luther (1483 – 1546)

4. I have cast the die…. I will not reconcile myself to them…. Let them condemn and burn all that belongs to me; in return I will do as much for them…. Now I no longer fear, and I am publishing a book in the German tongue about Christian reform, directed against the pope, in language as violent as if I were addressing the Antichrist.

5. Martin Luther: Catalyst of Change 1517/Germany: monk Martin Luther challenged the Catholic Church because of corruption and materialistic greed. Writing the 95 Theses: 1517: ML formal protest against the Church for selling indulgences. Igniting a Firestorm: printing press help distribute the criticism. 1521, excommunicated and punished ML became more radicalized and gained thousands of followers

7. Luther’s Teachings: All Christians have equal access to God through faith & Bible Promoted literacy Banned indulgences, confession, pilgrimages, and saints. Simplified rituals in mass/ emphasized the sermon Clergy could marry Luther’s Ideas Spread: followers known as Protestants (political, economic, social, and religious reasons) The Peasants’ Revolt: ML popular with peasants. Hoped for social & economic reform WWMLD? Luther was against the serf revolution and sided with the nobles. Ten’s of thousands died. The Peace of Augsburg: settlement between the Lutheran princes and the Pope to allow each prince to choose their own faith to follow.

8. Pop Quiz Who is this guy? On condoms and birth control On homosexuality On the role of women in the Church On the role of women in the Church

9. Legacy of Reformation today

10. Switzerland’s Reformation John Calvin: religious reformer who put forth the idea of predestination (idea that God predetermined those who would be saved) Led a theocratic city-state (Geneva) Stressed hard work, discipline, cheap, honesty, and morality Punished “immoral behavior” Calvinists spread all over Europe

11. C13S3 Class/homework Pg 237 – 241. Take notes Cornell Notes over the section Assessment pg 241 (check point questions, terms, and questions. Read the article from the calendar on the Issues facing the Catholic Church today and answer the questions.