1. ¡ VIVA MEXÍCO!

2. 31 estados 1 distrito federal

3. Capítal La Ciudad de Mexico

4. Himno Nacional de Mexico

5. SPANISH ROMAN CATHOLICISM OFFICIAL LANGUAGE OFFICIAL RELIGION

6. Industries Petroleum Silver Gold Lead Copper Tourism

7. GOVERNMENT Official name Estados Unidos Mexicanos Federal Republic Independence Day September 16

8. Felipe Calderón Mexico’s president Elections every 6 years

9. HISTORÍA

10. Major Historical Events Native civilizations flourish. 1519 - Spanish conquistadors arrive 1810 - Mexican independence from Spain Mexican American War French invasion of Mexico (Cinco de Mayo) Mexican Revolution NAFTA

11. Early Civilizations Flourish Olmecs (1200- 600BC ) Maya (250- 900AD) Toltecs (1200s) Aztec (1300s) Maya Aztec Toltec Olmecs

12. Tenochtitlan Aztec capital 1300 AD

13. Teotihuacan, Mexico

14. Olmec stone heads found in Mexico near the Gulf of Mexico.

15. Spanish Conquistadors Arrive Spanish conquistadors arrived in Mexico in 1519. They had superior technology such as guns and horses. But the deadliest weapon of the Spanish was…

16. DISEASE Smallpox Syphillis Measles

17. Smallpox killed thousands of Natives

18. Hernan Cortez, Spanish conquistador Montezuma 1410 AD - 1469 AD The Great Aztec Emperor

19. Mexican Independence from Spain 1810

20. Spain controlled Mexico until 1810 Nueva España Dominace of the peninsulares Resentment of the creoles and mestizos. Influence of the philosophes and the American Revolution.

21. Leader of Mexican Independence Father Miguel Hidalgo Catholic priest in village called Delores Grito de Delores “¡Mexicanos, Viva Mexico!” September 16, 1810 Led Indians and mestizos to rise up against the oppressive Spanish. Executed

22. Mexicans celebrate September 16 as their dia de independencia (independence day) just as we celebrate the 4 th of July.

23. Mexican- American War* (1846-1848) *Or sometimes referred to as the United States and Mexico War

24. Causes Manifest Destiny –Belief that the US should expand to the Pacific. –Mexico had refused to sell its territory. Texas Independence –Many people who settled Texas were from the United States. –Texas declared its independence from Mexico. –Texas asked to join the United States.

25. General Zachary Taylor President James K. Polk General Santa Anna Leaders of the Mexican American War

26. The Alamo was part of the Mexican American War.

27. Results of the Mexican American War United States won. Texas became a state. Mexico ceded almost half its territory to the US in exchange for $15 million. 13,000 Americans killed.

28. Territory ceded to the US.

29. France Invades Mexico!

30. French invasion of Mexico (1862) Causes Mexico owed France money. France wanted to add Mexico to its empire Results Mexico is ruled by the dictator Maximilian until 1867.

31. Cinco de Mayo ¿Qué es Cinco de Mayo? Puebla, Mexico Mexican army defeated French forces on May 5 th, 1862. Holiday celebrated today in Mexico and the United States.

32. Mexican Revolution (1910)

33. Mexican Revolution Causes Unequal land distribution Class inequalities (small group had all the power) Rival factions wanting power Results Constitution of 1917 Land reform

34. Profirio Diaz (1830-1915) President and dictator (1876- 1911) Rurales (special police) Resigned and was exiled (1911)

35. Francisco Madero (1873-1913) Son of a wealthy Mexican landowner Became president in 1911. Opposed Diaz Assassinated in 1913.

36. Pancho Villa (1877-1923) Opponent of Diaz, supporter of MaderoOpponent of Diaz, supporter of Madero Folk heroFolk hero BandidoBandido RevolucionarioRevolucionario Assassinated in 1923Assassinated in 1923 Opponent of Diaz, supporter of MaderoOpponent of Diaz, supporter of Madero Folk heroFolk hero BandidoBandido RevolucionarioRevolucionario Assassinated in 1923Assassinated in 1923

37. La Cultura de Mexico

38. Musica Los Mariachis

39. La Corrida de Toros

40. Famous Painters Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo 1886-1957 Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo 1886-1957

41. Blood of the Revolutionary Martyrs Fertilizing the Earth 1926

42. Man at the Crossroads (Hombre en una Encrucijada) Fresco, 1934 Rivera painted this mural on the wall of the Rockefeller Center in New York. However, it was destroyed after Rockefeller and Rivera could not agree on the interpretation of the mural.

43. Diego on My Mind 1943 (Frida as Tehuana)

44. JOSE CLEMENTE OROZCO 1883 - 1949

45. "Hidalgo Incendiario" ("The Firebrand [Father] Hidalgo") "Hidalgo Incendiario" ("The Firebrand [Father] Hidalgo")

46. Diego and Orozco were influenced by the Mexican Revolution. They both traveled and painted in the United States. They were both noted muralists. They were both Socialists.

47. Famous Writers Juana Inés de la Cruz (1648 – 1695) Carlos Fuentes (1928-) Octavio Paz(1914-1998) –Nobel Prize in Literature 1990