1. Muslim Contributions

2. Chess From India. Popular because of its difficulty. Rulers would have chess matches in their palaces. Introduced to Europeans by Muslims in the 13th Century From India. Popular because of its difficulty. Rulers would have chess matches in their palaces. Introduced to Europeans by Muslims in the 13th Century

3. Irrigation limited water in desert. Built dams, aqueducts. Muslims perfected the water wheel. Improved underwater wells— digging 50ft deep. All agriculture depended on wells limited water in desert. Built dams, aqueducts. Muslims perfected the water wheel. Improved underwater wells— digging 50ft deep. All agriculture depended on wells

4. Zoology Muslim lifestyle dependent on animals for trade and travel. Al-Jahiz wrote 200 books, most famous for Study of Animals. Used information from the Quran and Hadith Muslim lifestyle dependent on animals for trade and travel. Al-Jahiz wrote 200 books, most famous for Study of Animals. Used information from the Quran and Hadith

5. Banking System Abbasid Era… Developed Banks could write a check and cash it on the other side of the empire. Very important w/ international trade. Abbasid Era… Developed Banks could write a check and cash it on the other side of the empire. Very important w/ international trade.

6. Calligraphy means beautiful/elegant handwriting. 1st used by Muslims when Arabs began duplicating the Quran. Calligraphy also used to decorate tiles, ceramics means beautiful/elegant handwriting. 1st used by Muslims when Arabs began duplicating the Quran. Calligraphy also used to decorate tiles, ceramics

7. Bookmaking Abbasid rule. Battle of Central Asia. Chinese prisoners taught Muslims how to make paper. Books became more available. Sign of wealth to have lots of books. Abbasid rule. Battle of Central Asia. Chinese prisoners taught Muslims how to make paper. Books became more available. Sign of wealth to have lots of books.

8. Geometric and Floral Designs Muslim art abstract. No pictures of humans or animals. Though human images would distract worshippers from praying to Allah. Turned to geometric shapes…most common Arabesque Muslim art abstract. No pictures of humans or animals. Though human images would distract worshippers from praying to Allah. Turned to geometric shapes…most common Arabesque

9. House of Wisdom educational institution founded in Baghdad. Scholars all over the world translated math, astronomy…into Arabic, Greek, Persian educational institution founded in Baghdad. Scholars all over the world translated math, astronomy…into Arabic, Greek, Persian

10. Astronomy the scientific study of the sky. Many thought sun, stars, and planets rotated around Earth. Islamic scientists proved them wrong. Earth rotates around sun. the scientific study of the sky. Many thought sun, stars, and planets rotated around Earth. Islamic scientists proved them wrong. Earth rotates around sun.

11. Algebra Abbasid rule. Muslims spent hours trying to stump each other with difficult math problems. Algebra was introduced by Muslims. Algebra comes from the word “al jabra” means to bring symbols such as x, y, and z to solve problems. Abbasid rule. Muslims spent hours trying to stump each other with difficult math problems. Algebra was introduced by Muslims. Algebra comes from the word “al jabra” means to bring symbols such as x, y, and z to solve problems.

12. Hospitals Hospitals staffed by doctors paid by government. Designed to promote health, cure disease, teach and expand medical knowledge. Most advanced hospital was in Baghdad. Hospitals staffed by doctors paid by government. Designed to promote health, cure disease, teach and expand medical knowledge. Most advanced hospital was in Baghdad.

13. Herbal Medicines & Pharmacies Doctor treated patients with herbs, sedatives, and hashish (narcotics) used during surgery. Muslim doctors 1st to use antiseptics to kill germs. Doctor treated patients with herbs, sedatives, and hashish (narcotics) used during surgery. Muslim doctors 1st to use antiseptics to kill germs.

14. City of Baghdad- chosen by Abbasid ruler…Chosen by the caliph because it was situated between the Tigris and Euphrates River. chosen by Abbasid ruler…Chosen by the caliph because it was situated between the Tigris and Euphrates River.

15. Polo Introduced by the Persians to Muslims. Rode Champion Arabian horses. Played on horseback by 2 teams on grass. Introduced by the Persians to Muslims. Rode Champion Arabian horses. Played on horseback by 2 teams on grass.