1. Agenda 9/18/15 Get out Cell Organelle Booklet.

2. Chemical level: a molecule in the membrane that encloses a cell Cellular level: a cell in the stomach lining Tissue level: layers of tissue in the stomach wall Organ level: the stomach Body system level: the digestive system Organism level: the whole body

3. 1.All life forms are made from one or more cells. 2.Cells only arise from pre-existing cells. 3.The cell is the smallest form of life. Proposed in 1838 by Schleiden & Schwann

5. NO NUCLEUS NO NUCLEUS Small, simple Small, simple A prokaryotic cell is enclosed by a plasma membrane and is usually encased in a rigid cell wall –The cell wall may be covered by a sticky capsule –Inside the cell are its DNA and other parts Grow & reproduce Grow & reproduce EX. E. coli (bacterial cells)EX. E. coli (bacterial cells)

6. HAVE A NUCLEUS & MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES Grow & reproduce Some live as single cells Examples: Plants, animals, fungi, etc.

7. Plasma membrane Figure 4.5A Golgi apparatus Ribosomes Nucleus Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Rough endoplasmic reticulum Mitochondrion Not in most plant cells Cytoskeleton Flagellum Lysosome Centriole Peroxisome Microtubule Intermediate filament Microfilament

8. Figure 4.5B Nucleus Golgi apparatus Not in animal cells Central vacuole Chloroplast Cell wall Mitochondrion Peroxisome Plasma membrane Rough endoplasmic reticulum Ribosomes Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Cytoskeleton Microtubule Intermediate filament Microfilament

9. Function: provide support and protection for the cell; allows water, oxygen, carbon dioxide and other things to pass through FOUND ONLY IN PLANT CELLS

10. Description: Phospholipid Bilayer with proteins embedded in it Function: Provides a barrier between the inside of the cell and the external environment Found in ALL Cells

11. Description: Double-membrane layer Function: Selectively allows material to pass into and out of the nucleus via the pores Location: WITHIN the nucleus Found in all EUKARYOTIC CELLS

12. Function: controls most cell processes and contains hereditary info of DNA; has chromatin which forms chromosomes during mitosis Location: near the center of the cell Found in all EUKARYOTIC cells

13. Function: Location where ribosomes are made Location: WITHIN the nucleus. Found in all EUKARYOTIC cells

14. Description: DNA bound to proteins that is visible within the nucleus Location: WITHIN the nucleus. Description: Condensed chromatin, distinct, thread-like structures containing genetic information. Location: WITHIN the nucleus. Found in all EUKARYOTIC cells

15. TYPES: Free – are floating around in the cytoplasm Bound – are attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum Function: Protein Synthesis Found in ALL cells

16. Function: use energy from food to make high-energy particles for the cell to use Location: in the cytoplasm of the cell Nickname: Powerhouse Found in all EUKARYOTIC Cells

17. Description: Double membrane structure containing stacks of photosynthetic membranes which contain the green pigment chlorophyll. Function: Use energy from sunlight to make energy-rich food molecules in a process known as photosynthesis. Found ONLY in PLANT Cells

18. Description: Folded membrane studded with ribosomes that extends from the nuclear envelope Function: Protein synthesis can occur ON the ribosomes and then the proteins are modified on the inside of the rough ER. Found in all EUKARYOTIC Cells

19. Description: Folded membrane that extends from the rough ER or stands alone in the cytoplasm Function: Contains collections of enzymes for specialized tasks, including assembly of lipids. Found in all EUKARYOTIC Cells

20. Description: Folded membranes that are stacked and form an assembly line for final modification of proteins Function: Using enzymes, it attaches carbohydrates & lipids to proteins. From the Golgi, proteins are sent to their final destination in vesicles. Found in all EUKARYOTIC Cells

21. Function: Contain enzymes used to breakdown lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins. Lysosomal Enzymes can: - Digest food - Destroy bacteria - Recycle damaged organelles - Function in embryonic development in animals Found in MOST EUKARYOTIC Cells

22. Function: Location for storage of water, salts, proteins & carbohydrates. In plant cells there is usually a single, large, central vacuole that stores liquid. Found in EUKARYOTIC Cells Larger in Plant Cells than in Animal Cells

23. Function: helps the cell maintain its shape; also involved in movement inside the cell Location: network of protein filaments that goes throughout the cell Components: Microtubules & Microfilaments Found in ALL Cells