1. Industrialization, Nationalism, Imperialism

2. Agricultural Revolution
Crop rotation – system of growing a different crop in a field each year to preserve the fertility of the land

3. Industrial Revolution
The shift, beginning in England during the 18th century, from making goods by hand to making them by machine

4. Why England?
Britain has all the factors for production – land, labor, and capital

5. Land Water power & coal to fuel new machines
Iron ore to construct machines, tools, & buildings
Rivers for inland transportation
Harbors for merchant ships

6. Labor
Agriculture revolution increased food supply while decreasing demand for labor
Workers moved into cities to look for jobs

7. Capital Growing overseas trade
Highly developed banking system – encourage investment in new machinery and business

8. Railway Age
Spurred industrial growth – cheap way to transport materials and finished products
Created thousands of new jobs for railroad workers and miners

9. Railway Age
Boosted agricultural and fishing industries – transport to distant cities
Encouraged country people to take distant city jobs

10. Effects of Industrial Revolution
Urbanization
Movement of people to cities
Number of cities doubled
Many cities doubled or even quadrupled in population

11. Effects of Industrial Revolution
Large Middle Class (neither rich nor poor)
Upper middle – gov’t employees, doctors, lawyers, managers
Lower middle – factory overseers, skilled workers

12. Effects of Industrial Revolution
Working Class
Poor living conditions – crowded housing, no drains, widespread epidemics (avg city lifespan 17, rural area 38)

13. Effects of Industrial Revolution
Working Class
Work 14 hours a day, 6 days a week – same as working on farm but more dangerous

14. Effects of Industrial Revolution
Demand for education - created demand for engineers, clerical and professional workers
Raised standard of living
Provided hope of improvement in people’s lives

15. Effects of Industrial Revolution
Mass-produced clothing

16. European Imperialism in Africa, 1870-1898
In this lesson, students will be able to define the following terms:
“Scramble for Africa”
Berlin Conference of
Effects of European Imperialism on Africa

17. European powers engaged in a “Scramble
for Africa” starting in the 1870s. By 1890,
most of Africa came under European control.

18. By 1890, only
Ethiopia
and
Liberia
remained
independent.

19. The major European powers to acquire
African territories were Great Britain,
France, Germany, Belgium, Portugal,
and Italy.

20. The French
acquired much
of northwestern
Africa above
the
Sahara, as
well as
Central
Africa.

21. private estate. Natives that did not supply enough rubber had
King Leopold, the king
of Belgium, ruled
the Congo like his own
private estate. Natives
that did not supply
enough rubber had
their hands cut off. While
the king profited, the
people of the Belgian
Congo suffered greatly.

22. The British
established
colonies
in West Africa
and along the
length of
most of East
Africa from
Egypt to
South Africa.

23. Sometimes European imperialists came
into conflict with one another. Disputes
among the imperial powers were worked
out at the Berlin Conference of
At the Berlin Conference, the remainder
of Africa was divided up.

24. European imperialism
had many effects
on Africa. European
colonization had both
positive and negative
effects on Africa.

25. A positive effect of European imperialism
was the introduction of modern
transportation and communication
systems, such as telegraphs, railroads,
and telephones.

26. European medicine and improved nutrition
The introduction of
European medicine and improved nutrition
led to an expansion of population.

27. However, there were many negative effects of European Imperialism
on Africa. African peoples were treated
as inferior to Europeans.

28. Europeans divided Africa and ignored
the tribal, ethnic, and cultural boundaries
of the African people. This has led to
tribal conflicts in many African nations
that continue to this day.

29. Questions for Reflection:
What was the “Scramble for Africa”?
Why did the Berlin Conference occur?
What European nations gained control of Africa?
What were the positive effects of European imperialism on Africa?
What were the negative effects of European imperialism on Africa?

30. Chapters 9-11 Industrial Rev, Nationalism, Imperialism
32 questions
22 Multiple Choice (Chap. 9)
10 True / False (Chapter 10-11)
6 points each = 192 points
***Homework project due Friday 12/21 for 100 points
292 points earned this Friday!!

31. Test Review
Blue bolded concepts…like Urbanization, Enclosure movement, etc…
Inventors such as John Kay, Robert Fulton etc..
People (Quotes) Alex de Tocqueville, Elizabeth Gaskell, Charles Dickens, Marx and Engels, Adam Smith, Jane Addams, etc…
Child Labor Laws in England

32. Imperialism
A policy which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially

33. The New Imperialism Cause Nationalism
To gain power, European nations compete for colonies and trade

34. The New Imperialism Effect Colonization
Europeans control land and people in areas of Africa, Asia and Latin America

35. The New Imperialism Cause Economic Competition
Demand for raw materials and new markets spurs a search for colonies

36. The New Imperialism Effect Colonial Economics
Europeans control trade in the colonies and set up dependent cash-crop economies

37. The New Imperialism Cause Missionary Spirit
Europeans believe they must spread their Christian teachings to the world

38. The New Imperialism Effect Christianization
Christianity spreads to Africa, India, and Asia
Kenya 78% Christians, 11 of 12 largest church in the world located in Seoul, South Korea (780,000 members)

39. Scramble for Africa
Industrialization in Europe encouraged European nations to look for more resources for fuel their industrial production

40. Forces Driving Imperialism
Social Darwinism
Europeans were superior due to scientific and technological progress
Europeans believed they had the right and the duty to bring the results of their progress to other countries

41. Imperialism in Africa, 1878

42. Imperialism in Africa, 1913

43. British East India Company
English company set up to pursue trade with East Indies, ended up trading with Indian subcontinent and China
Ruled India from 1757 to 1858 – “Jewel in the crown”

44. British East India Company
India became major supplier of raw materials for workshop in England during Industrial Revolution
Traded cotton, silk, indigo dye, tea, opium

45. Impact of Colonialism in India
Positives ( T-Chart for pos and neg)
Constructed 3rd largest railroad network in India
Brought unity to connected regions
Constructed modern road network, telephone, telegraph lines, dams, bridges
Education, public health

46. Impact of Colonialism in India
Negatives
British held political and economic power
Restricted Indian-owned industries (textile)
Emphasis on cash crops resulted in loss of self-sufficiency for people

47. Colonialism in Southeast Asia
British purchased Singapore and build a harbor, becoming one of the busiest ports in the world
Malaysia became huge exporter for tin and rubber
British encouraged immigrants to move to Southeast Asia to work on plantation

49. Impact of Colonialism in Southeast Asia
Positives
Cash crops helped boost the economy
Improved communication and transportation with roads, harbors, and rail systems
Improved education, health and sanitation

50. Impact of Colonialism in Southeast Asia
Negatives
Immigrants from different regions creating a “melting pot” (or salad bowl?)
Tensions between immigrants and natives due to race, culture, and religion