1. CLAUSES/SENTENCES SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES

2. SENTENCES o A written sentence needs a subject and a verb to be grammatical. (A sentence may be composed of one or more clauses.) o A spoken sentence needs a complete thought and may rely more heavily on contextual information.

3. CLAUSES AND SENTENCES - SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES We had a wonderful time there. In fact, great! a. We had a wonderful time; in fact, it was great! b. We had a wonderful time there. In fact, it was great! c. We had a wonderful. In fact, a great time there. Fragment– no subject or verb Add a subject, verb and punctuation.

4. CLAUSES AND SENTENCES - SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES He crashed his car. Because he was texting and not paying attention. a. He crashed his car because he was texting and not paying attention. b. Because he was texting and not paying attention, he crashed his car. Join the dependent clause to the independent clause. Use a comma to separate the clauses only if the sentence begins with the adverb clause.adverb clause Fragment – the adverb because marks the clause as a dependent clause. A dependent clause needs to be attached to an independent clause to be a sentence.

5. CLAUSES AND SENTENCES - SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES Put the book there. On my desk. a. Put the book there, on my desk. Fragment– no subject or verb Add the prepositional phrase with a comma as it restates there.

6. CLAUSES AND SENTENCES - SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES Subject: a noun or pronoun that takes the predicate. Predicate: everything that is not part of the subject. Clause: a subject and a predicate working together.

7. CLAUSES AND SENTENCES - SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES She ate the donuts. S P (one clause) It is cold in the classroom, but it is hot in the hall. S P S P (two clauses)

8. PRACTICE - PRACTICE - Read and analyze the passage. Circle the predicates and underline the subjects in the sentences and separate the clauses. My sister and I were at my grandma's house when the phone rang. We were watching TV and eating sandwiches. It was Jan, and she wanted to talk to my sister. Jan told my sister that the new super group, the Dance Boys, was at the mall. My sister almost fainted because she's the biggest fan of the Dance Boys. When we got there, the mall was packed with Dance Boy fans. While the Dance Boys sang, Jan danced. I played games on my cell phone because I hate them. If Jan, my sister, and I go to the mall again, I'll surely walk around and shop.