1. Really Zero Waste 11 th March 2009 Institute of Materials and Mining, London Peter Jones, OBE ecolateraljones@btinternet.com Energy from Waste & Biomass

2. Total UK Raw Resource Usage and Disposal per Annum (excludes water) 570 million tonnes (wastage - UK) 600 million tonnes (raw resources - UK) 600 million tonnes (raw resources - UK) Other 16% Minerals and Rock 50% Minerals and Rock 50% Fossil Fuels 34% Fossil Fuels 34% Public Sector Goods Not Measured Public Sector Goods Not Measured Industrial Goods Not Measured Industrial Goods Not Measured Power Transport & Heat 34% Power Transport & Heat 34% Packaging 3% Consumer Goods 10% Consumer Goods 10% ‘Lasting’ Products 1% Dredgings 4% Air Emissions 34% Mining Waste 20% Landfill 15% Agricultural Waste 16% Sewage 5% Recycling 5% 70 million tonnes re-use - UK Overseas impacts 600 million tonnes Overseas impacts 600 million tonnes Overseas impacts 600 million tonnes Matter can neither be created nor destroyed Inputs Use UK Disposal 1200 million tonnes 600 million tonnes

4. The Three Musketeers of Policy Implementation ECONOMICS TECHNOLOGY ATTITUDE

5. The Carbon Competitors Landfiller Energy Boy Composter Long term - Handicaps - Planning Consents - Taxes - Better odds elsewhere - Traded Permits - Renewable targets - Import dependency on rivals - Rising logistics costs - High value prizes - Improving technology - EU targets - Energy trends - High value prizes - Traded Permits - Producer reuse Form Early Faller Expensive Thoroughbred Regular Winner StayerGood Value All Rounder - Low value prizes - Staying power - Plenty of local runners - Cheap setup - Soils directive - Low distribution costs

6. Timing the Landfill Transition 2007 19972000200220042006200820102012 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Tonnes to Landfill (millions) £ Gate Fee 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Operator Fee per tonne Gate Fee per tonne Tonnage Inputs ?

7. Biffa Enclosed Digester - Etwall

8. Bedfordia Biogen Plant, Milton Ernest Source: BIOGEN

9. Biffa-Leicester MHW Treatment New cascade ball mill-Bursom

10. Willesden: A Typical Shredder Licensed, paved and full drainage Rail sidings and loading equipment Weighbridges, offices and communications Experienced management and data handling 350,000 tpa vehicles and white goods & other light iron Source: EMR

11. Source: Teg Environmental

12. MBT in Action: Waste is Shredded at Ecodeco’s Montanaso Plant in Italy

13. Central Bottling Overview of tank system where digestion occurs

14. Gasification Plant – Isle of Wight

15. Waste2Tricity

16. Marchwood EFW 165,000 tpa Source: Veolia

17. The Lights Go Out??? Source: DTI

18. Meeting the Energy Challenge 0 200 100 Each wedge = 17 TWh 5000 x 500kW CHP units +18% fuel economy for all cars 4 x 800 MW nuclear reactors 2500 x 500kW biomass CHP 5000 x 2MW wind turbines 200 million X 1m 2 PV panels 1 Severn Barrage 10% transport biofuels TWhr 20062020

20. The Hierarchy of Policy Material Flow Mapping National Level –Carbon footprinting methodology –Legal frameworks for special purpose Regional Level –Co-located mapping of fossil energy sinks –Planning spatial strategy –Co-funding shares in SPVs Resources Sector –Risk takers on fuel feedstock –Risk takers on energy off take –Risk takers on energy demand –Risk takers on technology

21. 1 tonne bale of waste floc The Resources Hierarchy Compost/fertiliser soil fuels Recycling into new materials Anaerobic digestion Gasification/steam turbine Gasification/internal combustion Gasification/hydrogen/fuel cells Value by Financial and Fossil Carbon Tradeoffs

22. The Regional Government Role  Identify fossil energy sinks, which are –Long term stayers –On good logistics infrastructure –Away from housing –Adjacent to land owned by the RDA –On contaminated sites –Near feedstock sources –On secondary power grid networks  Establish planning based impact criteria  Establish local community benefit/planning gain  Identify possible SPV structures for ESCOs

23. What Comprises Good Target Fossil Sinks?  Food chain RDCs/freezer centres/food preparation/retail complexes  Diversified industrial estates  Hospitals  Prisons  Bus and truck complexes  Docks  Airports  Data centres  Linear energy distribution pipes and wires  Confectionary factories  Sewage plants  Road fuel distribution depots  Industrial gases operations

25. www.massbalance.org