1. ADAPTATIONS SOMETHING AN ORGANISM DOES or HAS that helps them to SURVIVE

2. STRUCTURAL ADAPTATIONS involves some part of an organism’s body helps escape from enemies helps animals move helps animals catch food protects it from harsh environment

3. FEEDING · teeth help chew and eat different kinds of food incisors canines molars beaks special mouth parts

4. INCISORS two pairs of sharp front teeth – found in rodents such as the beaver, rat, and chipmunk work like scissors to chew and gnaw wood the rodent’s teeth keep growing

6. MOLARS flat teeth along the sides of the mouth crush and grind tough plant materials sheep and cows have these kind of teeth

8. CANINES a pointed tooth between the incisors and premolars of a mammal seen in meat-eating animals such as lions and wolves the teeth are useful in killing prey they use these sharp teeth to tear off chunks of flesh these animals usually have small molars

11. INSECTS have specialized mouth parts for feeding the butterfly has a long tube-like mouth that it can coil and uncoil – this helps them reach nectar that is in flower

14. BIRDS bills or beaks are adapted to eating seeds, fruits or animals

18. MOVEMENT Ability to hop, run, climb, jump or fly Body structure aids in movement

19. GIBBONS Lives in the forest of Asia Spend the majority of their time in the trees Long, powerful arms that swing from branches and gather fruit Clumsy on the ground

20. CHEETAH Carnivore that lives in Africa Catches prey (antelope) with its speed Light build and long legs – long stride Flexible backbone – stretches and shortens like a spring 100 km/hour

21. FRIGATE BIRD unable to walk and awkward on land masterful flier pilots have seen them at an altitude of 1,200m without landing, they travel 1,600 km in search of food hover like a humming bird and swoop like a hawk wing span of 2.5 meters wing feathers are 30 cm long

22. KANGAROOS plant eaters that hop about on powerful legs (hind) takes leaps of 10m or more helps to escape wild dogs or other enemies rabbits and frogs have similar hind legs hind legs of hopping animals are longer than their front legs

23. BODY COVERINGS worms and amphibians breathe through their skin dusky salamander does not have lungs. It breathes through its skin

24. REPTILES have scales or horny plates prevent loss of water

25. MAMMALS may shed hair as summer approaches and grow thicker coats of hair in the fall

26. LOOKS THAT PROTECT structural adaptations that involve appearance PROTECTIVE COLORATION animal is hard to see so it’s harder to be hunted by its enemies it makes the animal a successful hunter animal has similar color to that of its environment Chameleon - a tree dwelling lizard found in Asia and Africa changes color to match its surrounding; have special color cells with black, yellow and red pigments

27. Chameleon Thorny Devil

28. Protective Coloration

29. LOOKS THAT PROTECT –cont. Seasonal Changes -snow shoe hare is white in winter and brownish in summer -when it is white bobcat has difficulty hunting it

30. Snow shoe hare has a light coat of reddish brown hair in summer AND thick coat of grayish white hair in winter

31. Protective Resemblance -animal look similar to something in its environment walking stick, leaf bug

32. Walking Stick bug Malaysian Horned Frog.

33. Mimicry -harmless animals benefit by looking poisonous or dangerous -monarch butterfly and viceroy

35. The back of the hawkmoth caterpillar (Hemeroplanes sp.) looks like a snake's head When you're easy pickings for any number of predators the ability to turn yourself into a snake is a handy one. And that's what the snake mimic hawkmoth caterpillar appears to be able to do. When threatened it will pull in its legs and head and expand the back part of its body to make itself resemble a snake. This snake's head is actually the tail of the caterpillar.

40. BEHAVIOR ADAPTATIONS an adaptation can also be something that an animal does activities and actions of an animal any activity that helps an animal survive some behaviors are learned - wolf pups learn to hunt by imitating adult wolves

42. INSTINCT any behavior pattern that an animal is born with - examples are nest building and the raising of young blue jays build its nest with small sticks and lines the inside of the nest with roots from small plants

43. MIGRATION movement of an animal or group of animals from one region to another often related to a change in season BREEDING GROUNDS a journey to better feeding grounds to reproduce and raise their young Insects - Monarchs migrate to follow the milkweed

44. ARCTIC TERN Makes the longest journey of any bird During the summer it breeds in Alaska, Canada, Greenland and Northern Europe and Asia They fly over oceans to reach Antarctica for the Antarctic summer

45. GRAY WHALE summers spent in the Bering Sea, north and west of Alaska fall they migrate to Baja, California Alaska fur seal has a similar pattern

46. WILDEBEEST Grazing animals that migrate in search of water Live part of the year on the plains in East Africa Dry season begins in June A 300 KM journey takes them to a region where water can be found They return to the plains in December for the rainy season

47. HIBERNATION An animal’s body temperature drops to about the temperature of the environment Does not drop lower than the freezing point of water Breathing and heartbeat become very slow The animal lives off the fat stored in its body

49. COLD-BLOODED ANIMALS An animal whose body temperature changes as the temperature of the environment changes – snails, amphibians, and reptiles Many animals hibernate in the mud In the fall, turtles and frogs bury themselves in the mud at the bottom of a lake or pond Spotted salamanders hibernate in wood Snakes hibernate in dens. The den may be a hole in the ground under a large rock.

50. WARM BLOODED ANIMALS Have a fairly consistent body temperature – woodchuck, chipmunks, bears, raccoons, and skunks