1. Complete the Ch.8 Pre-Test 1/26/15 Date:1/26/15Topic:BiochemistryPage # ___

2. Today in Room 311… ADMIT SLIP: Are you left or right brained? HW: Paragraph using vocab on how a signal is passed through the body CONTENT OBJ: SW describe the structure and function of a neuron LANG. OBJ: SW verbally identify the parts of their candy neuron AGENDA: Left/right brain Feedback Loops Signaling Neuron Structure MCAS questions Date:10/20/15Topic:Nervous SystemPage # ___

3. Left- Brained Right- Brained Admit Slip: Which one are you? Why?

4. Right Brain vs Left Brain Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= gdpkxjEyuJ4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= gdpkxjEyuJ4

5. Yesterday Review: CerebrumCerebellum Brain Stem Hypothalamus Responsible for…

6. Signaling* * Endocrine system: Made up of many glands and cells that produce and release chemical messengers into the blood * Chemical messengers = hormones “Raging hormones” ? “Raging hormones” ? Levels change as you sexually mature, but hormones help maintain homeostasis for people of all ages

8. Hormones* Chemical substance produced by the body that controls the activity of cells or organs* Blood transports hormones past every cell of the body, but only certain “target” cells/organs can respond Cells must have the right receptor for that hormone* *Receptors are proteins that fit the shape of a specific hormone molecule Lock & key interaction*

9. Example: Water shortage in the body Hypothalamus Sensory neurons Increased sodium Pituitary gland Vasopressin Carried throughout body kidneys More water reabsorbed by body

10. Feedback Loops* Negative feedback: systems work to shut off the response that the body had to being out of balance Ex. Vasopressin (once body is back to normal sodium levels, the hypothalamus stops releasing vasopressin) Positive feedback: adjusts internal conditions towards the initial condition Ex. blood clotting

13. Feedback Loop Examples Come up with one for each!

15. Neurons* What’s a neuron? Nerve cell: A specialized cell that transmits nerve impulses Example? Run throughout our body Send signals to each other Relay messages to the brain JOURNALS OUT!! Video: https://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=kr7dGPOwz sA https://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=kr7dGPOwz sA

16. Signaling* Two types of cells Neurons = produce, send, and receive signals Glial cells = protect, support, and insulate neurons

17. Neuron Fun Facts Average # of neurons in the brain = 100 billion Rate of neuron growth during fetal development = 250,000 neurons/minute Neuron width is thinner than a human hair Speed of signal transmitted through a neuron = 250 miles/hour All your neurons lined end to end would span about 600 miles

18. Neuron Structure Why are telephone wires coated in plastic or rubber? Same with TV cords, cell phone chargers, etc.? The rubber insulates the electric signal! Allows message to be carried

19. Neuron Structure Neurons in the brain work the same way! The carry electric signals to and from the brain, so they need insulation to successfully carry the signal wherever it needs to go

20. Neuron Structure* Today we will use candy to create a neuron that has all necessary components! All candies should be used. But it’s up to you how to do it! Hint: The red vines are hollow! Then, label your neuron, check w/ Ms. Gately, & take a picture! ALSO, you MUST draw an image of a label neuron in your journal Draw

21. Neurons connect to each other k Action potential = peak of electrical impulse (must be reached to transmit signal)

22. Signal Transmission* Neurotransmitter = a chemical substance that is released at the end of a nerve fiber by the arrival of a nerve impulse (signal) By diffusing across the synapse, causes the transfer of the impulse to another nerve fiber I will come give you a swedish fish. Please break this into little “neurotransmitters” to place between your neurons to represent signal transmission

23. Draw & Label in Journal* What is this called??

24. Make a Neuron! Using all the types of candy provided, make a neuron! Use your journal picture (and this one) to help you!

25. MCAS Questions See attached document

26. The Nervous System:

28. Homework Write a paragraph, using ALL the vocabulary learned today, that describes the transmission of a nerve impulse (signal) throughout the body. Start with when a signal first hits the dendrites of a neuron.