1. 29.1-2 Nervous System and Neurons
Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 31
Topic: 29.2 Nervous System and Neurons
Essential Question(s):
Draw and label a neuron on pg. 46 in picture bubble map format.
Nervous System and Neurons
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
KEY CONCEPT
The nervous system provides the means by which organ systems communicate and is composed of highly specialized cells.

2. KEY CONCEPT The nervous system provides one of the means by which organ systems communicate.

3. The nervous system controls thoughts, movement, and emotion as well as simpler life processes such as swallowing

4. interconnected network of cells (hardwired)
The nervous system works quickly, using chemical and electrical signals.
interconnected network of cells (hardwired)
signals move through cells (neurons)
divided into central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS)
CNS- brain and spinal cord
PNS-network of nerves that transmit messages to and from the PNS to the CNS
spinal chord
nerves

5. KEY CONCEPT The nervous system is composed of highly specialized cells.

6. Make up an information network (Like the internet)
Neurons (aka nerve cells) are cells that can store information and send and receive messages within the nervous system.
Make up an information network (Like the internet)
Cell body
axon
neurotransmitter
Dendrites

7. A Closer Look at Neurons (4m53s)

8. Neurons are highly specialized cells.
A neuron has three parts.
1. cell body has nucleus and organelles 1
Cell body

9. Neurons are highly specialized cells.
A neuron has three parts.
1. cell body has nucleus and organelles
2. dendrites receive messages from neighboring cells 2
dendrites

10. Neurons are highly specialized cells.
A neuron has three parts.
1. cell body has nucleus and organelles
2. dendrites receive messages from neighboring cells
3. axon carries messages to other cells
Specialized support cells- such as the myelin sheath- insulate neurons’ axons and helps them send messages 3
axon

11. Directions: Please make a picture bubble map of this neuron. Use p
Directions: Please make a picture bubble map of this neuron. Use p in your book to help you. Label all major parts of a neuron (cell body, dendrites, axon, myelin sheath, axon terminals, action potential, synapse, neurotransmitters). Once all parts are labeled, you need to describe the function of each.

12. Synapse: Gaps between neurons

13. Neurotransmitters: Chemical signals released by neurons
Neurotransmitters: Chemical signals released by neurons. Carry information from neuron to neuron.
Neurotransmitters

14. Action Potential: Electrical impulse that carries messages
Dendrites receive action potential

15. NEURON

16. NEURON

17. NEURON

18. NEURON

19. NEURON

20. NEURON

21. NEURON

22. NEURON

23. NEURON
Dendrites of next neuron

24. Axon terminal: releases neurotransmitters (chemical signals)
Synapse (gap)
Axon terminal
Dendrites of next neuron

25. NEURON Check your labels: Neurotransmitters Synapse Cell body axon
Myelin sheath
Dendrites
Axon terminal
Action potential

26. Neurons transmit information in the form of electrical and chemical impulses
When a neuron is stimulated, it produces an electrical signal (action potential) within that neuron
Electrical Impulse reaches axon terminal

27. 3. Neurotransmitters (chemicals) release into synapse.
2. Before it can move to the next cell it changes into a chemical signal (neurotransmitter)
3. Neurotransmitters (chemicals) release into synapse.
4. Neurotransmitters stimulate next cell.
synapse
neurotransmitter
vesicles
receptor

28. Neurons and Sensory Neurons (2m59s)

29. How does the structure of a neuron make it effective in carrying out the functions of the nervous system?

30. How does the structure of a neuron make it effective in carrying out the functions of the nervous system?
Neurons have long extensions called axons, which allow messages to be carried long distances without having to pass the signal to another cell.

31. Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 33
Topic: 29.2 Types of Neurons
Essential Question(s):
None.
29.2 Types of Neurons
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules

32. How the Nervous System Works (1m59s)

33. There are 3 types of neurons:
Sensory neurons
Interneurons
Motor neurons

34. 1. Sensory Neurons: (Think Senses)
Function: Sensory receptors gather information from external/ internal environment and carry impulses along sensory neurons to the CNS
NO INTERPRETATION
Located in PNS
Outside:
Light
&
Sound
Intensities
Inside:
Temperature
Oxygen Levels
pH Levels

35. 2)Interneurons:
Function: Receives signals from sensory neurons and processes and interprets these messages within the CNS
Makes decisions on what needs to be done
Sends messages/instructions to motor neurons
Located in CNS

36. 3)Motor neurons:
Function: Carry nerve impulses out of the brain or spinal cord to effectors
Effectors: muscles and glands will execute a specific task
Located in the PNS.

37. Motor Neurons (57s)

38. Key: Motor Neurons Effectors Receptors Sensory Neurons Interneurons
1._______________
Draw/label on p. 33
2. ________________
3. ______________
4. _____________
5._____________

39. 2. Sensory Neurons 3. Interneurons 4. Motor Neurons
Key: Motor Neurons Effectors Receptors Sensory Neurons Interneurons
1. Receptors
2. Sensory Neurons
3. Interneurons
4. Motor Neurons
5. Effectors

40. Key: Motor Neurons Effectors Receptors Sensory Neurons Interneurons1. 2. 3. 5. 4.

41. Stimuli and Neurons (4m 16s)

42. In a nutshell…. The nervous system can: Detect changes in the body
Make decisions based on the info received
Stimulate muscles and/or glands to respond
Counteract changes to maintain homeostasis

43. Types of Neurons “Story” Tree Map (P. 32)
Sensory Neurons Interneurons Motor Neurons
Function
Location
Function
Location
Function
Location
Give a real life example (Tell a story)
Draw a picture for each
1. The phone rings. The sensory neurons in your ear gather the sound information and send it to the CNS
2. Your brain interprets this information and identifies the sound as the phone ringing. This info is sent to the motor neurons
3. The motor neurons send nerve impulses to your muscles which allow you to answer the phone