2.  Infectious illness caused by a group A streptococcus (GAS) bacterium that affects the lower respiratory system  Develops from strep throat  Also known as "scarlatina"

3.  Agent: Streptococcus pyogenes  Gram staining: positive (+)  Morphology: chained cocci (circles)  Endospores: none  Toxins › Streptolysin O › Streptolysin S › Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A (and C)  aerobic  non-motile

4.  Outbreak: › Most recent was on 2008-2009 › Lasted a period of 42 weeks › Reported almost 400 cases by the Health Protection Agency  Most commonly seen on: › 5-12 y/o children › late winter › early summer

5.  Direct contact with mucus from nose  Fluid from nose  Infected saliva

6.  Begins with a rash that shows red bumps  The rash lasts about 2-7 days  After the rash is gone the skin on the tip of the fingers and toes peel.  A flush face with a pale area around the face.  A red and sore throat that can have white or yellow patches.  Fevers of 101 degrees or higher.  Swollen glands in the neck.

7.  Check for the rash  Swab the back of the throat  Check the tongue and tonsils

8.  Use of antibiotics such as: › Penicillin › Erythromycin › Ibuprofen for symptom relief  Avoid the use aspirin in children younger than 16

9.  Wash your hands often and  Avoid sharing › eating utensils › Linens › Towels › other personal items.  There is no vaccine to prevent strep throat or scarlet fever.  Children with scarlet fever or strep throat should stay home at least for 24 hours after starting antibiotics.

10.  http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/bacterial_viral/scarlet _fever.html http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/bacterial_viral/scarlet _fever.html  http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/scarletfever_ g.htm http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/scarletfever_ g.htm  http://scienceblogs.com/aetiology/2011/07/06/scarlet-fever- in-hong-kong/ http://scienceblogs.com/aetiology/2011/07/06/scarlet-fever- in-hong-kong/  http://www.cdc.gov/features/scarletfever/ http://www.cdc.gov/features/scarletfever/  http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1146944/Cases- scarlet-fever-reach-highest-level-decade.html http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1146944/Cases- scarlet-fever-reach-highest-level-decade.html  http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/s/scarlet_fever/stats.htm http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/s/scarlet_fever/stats.htm