1. Quiz Review
Unit 1B: Earth Systems

2. What are the four Earth systems?
Geosphere- all solid Earth
Hydrosphere- all water
Biosphere- all life
Atmosphere- all gases that surround planet

3. What are the layers of the atmosphere?
Troposphere- weather
Stratosphere- Ozone layer
Mesosphere- coldest
Thermosphere- outermost; satellites orbit

4. Layers of the Earth (chemical)
Crust
Mantle
Core

5. Layers of the Earth (Physical)
Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
Mesosphere
Outer Core
Inner Core

6. Types of Plate Boundaries
Convergent- mountains, volcanoes, subduction, trenches
Divergent- mid-ocean ridges, volcanoes
Transform- earthquakes
Earthquakes occur at ALL plate boundaries

7. What is the Greenhouse Effect?
Earth’s system of keeping warm by gases in atmosphere that absorb outgoing radiation
Without it, we’d be frozen- we need it
Too many GHGs lead to global warming
GHGs- CO2, methane, water vapor, nitrous oxide
Ozone hole is NOT making Earth warmer- those are two different issues

8. What processes are related to the water cycle?
Evaporation- liquid gas (needs heat)
Condensation: gas  liquid (needs cooling)
Precipitation: rain, snow, hail, sleet
Runoff: water moving downhill (rivers)
Transpiration: water evaporating from plants

9. Salt vs. Freshwater 97.5% of Earth’s water is SALTY
Most of Earth’s freshwater is trapped in ice/glaciers
Groundwater, aquifers
Clean, freshwater is a precious resource

10. Oceans regulate earth’s climate
Warm water currents make climate warmer than normal
Cold water currents make climate cooler than normal
Water absorbs a lot of heat and releases it slowly back to atmosphere

11. Systems Interactions
A volcano spews millions of tons of ash and carbon dioxide into the air during an eruption
Geosphere – Atmosphere
Plants release water vapor into the atmosphere
Biosphere- hydrosphere – atmosphere
Heavy rains create a landslide that destroys a village in Colorado
Hydro – Geo – Bio- Atmo