1. Islam

2. Islam From the Arabic for “Submission” The youngest monotheistic tradition Began around 610 AD Prophet Muhammad Visited by Angel Gabriel Taken to Jerusalem and Heaven Spoke with Allah and Moses Shaken by vision Driven from Mecca 622 AD Hijrah Moved to Medina Year 0 in Muslim calendar

3. The Qur’an Received by Muhammad through Gabriel Teachings of Allah Includes many similar teachings of Christian Old Testament or Jewish Tanak Depending on Sources is said to have been completed in 650 AD or 632 AD

4. Strains of Islam Muhammad died in 632 AD Division of Islam surrounding successor Led to Military conflicts Continues to today Theological Differences Hadith Legal Traditions Shi’a Ali ibn Abi Talib Cousin and Son in Law of Muhammad Shi’ite Mostly in Iraq and Iran Sunni Caliph Sufism Crosses lines of Sunni, Shi’a and Christianity

5. Beliefs Strict Monotheism Only one God Muhammad last prophet Muhammad is only a human prophet Not divine or worshipped Five Pillars of Islam

6. The Five Pillars of Islam 1.Shahada (Confession to Faith) 2.Salaat (Daily Prayer) 3.Zakat (Almsgiving) 4.Sawm (Fasting during Ramadan) 5.Hajj (Pilgrimage)

7. Sacred Sites Mecca Ka’bah Medina Jerusalem Dome of the Rock Mosques Oriented toward Mecca Community Center

8. Current State Major Issues Modernity Westernization Extremism Population Only 20% in Middle East Highest Population in Indonesia 1.9 Billion Adherents