1. Social Control

2. – techniques and strategies to prevent deviant behaviour any behaviour that violates standards or expectations of the dominant social group – usually agents of socialization are responsible for this task (family, peers, schools, government) – Controls can be FORMAL and INFORMAL video

3. Activity: Consider various types of behaviour that may make social controls necessary. This behaviour can be mildly or wildly deviant. What social controls might be invoked to prevent or punish that behaviour? Informal Social ControlsFormal Social Controls *Applied by authorized agents Examples of Deviant Behaviour: Attending a wedding and not bringing a gift Attending a wedding and hitting on the bride Attending a class and selling cocaine to classmates Attending a birthday party and stealing the gifts

4. Interplay between informal and formal social controls is complicated and can be difficult to navigate Example: Formal Social Control: laws regarding the possession, sale and cultivation of marijuana VS. Informal Social Control: parents and peers openly and actively support recreational marijuana use

5. Key Terms Conformity – going along with others even though they have no real right to direct our behaviour Obedience – Comply with authority (parents, boss, law) Deviance – Behaviour that violates social expectations and standards – Subject to context and time (body piercing 20 years ago and today) Crime – Violations of criminal law to which formal penalties apply

6. Degrees of Control Big Brother Correction Services Canada: After Sentencing Correction Services Canada

7. Who studies crime & why? Legal Scholars- How an action breaks the law, legal precedent, when is an act illegal, what is the intent of the law Sociologists- How does society react to the deviance of crime? What is happening to cause the deviance? What are effective methods to stop the deviant act? Nature or nurture? The perspectives? Psychologists- Why is the individual committing crime? What makes the individual make this decision? What other factors are coming into play? Corrections- Why do people commit crimes? What is the influence of the agents of socialization? How do we decrease recidivism? When do we punish and when do we rehabilitate? Social Workers- How can society create conditions where crime is not needed to care for the needs of marginalized people? How do we help victims of crime? How can we help people who have committed crimes become more self-reliant?

8. It is important to note that sociologists and legal experts have different classifications of crimes. Legal Classifications Indictable offences homicide, sexual assault, robbery Summary Conviction Offences Fraud (dine and dash), indecent acts, causing a disturbance Max. fine of $2000 and 6 months jail time Sociological Classification Street Crime Violent crime, property crime, “morals” crime Occupational or Corporate Crime Crimes for corporate gain Organized Crime Criminal business organization Political Crime Misuse of power by government or threats against government Cyber????

9. Case Studies As a case study of crime – answer the following questions about crime. 1.What happened? 2.How does this meet the sociological definition of crime? 3.How does this meet the legal definition of crime? 4.What forms of social control were used? 5.What lesson does the rest of society learn here?

10. Case Studies Rob Ford allies want mayor to address crack use allegations - Toronto - CBC News Rob Ford allies want mayor to address crack use allegations - Toronto - CBC News School workers in children's mouth-taping incident off the job - Nova Scotia - CBC News School workers in children's mouth-taping incident off the job - Nova Scotia - CBC News Jury duty no-shows lead to crackdown by 2nd N.S. judge - Nova Scotia - CBC News Jury duty no-shows lead to crackdown by 2nd N.S. judge - Nova Scotia - CBC News

11. Perspectives on Crime Functionalist Approach