1. Program Design

2.  Traditional Design – by topography  Procedures for aggression  Procedures for self injury  Procedures for verbal aggression  Procedures for acquisition  Alternative Design – by operant  Procedures for attention-seeking behavior  Procedures for task-escape behavior  Procedures for access to items/activities behavior

3. Program Design by Operant  Function:  Antecedent manipulations  SD  EO  Response effort  Acquisition skills  Definition  Measure  Procedures  Reduction targets  Definition  Measure  Procedures

4. Sample  Function: Attention  Antecedent manipulations  Frequent non-contingent attention under FT 30’  Reminders of how to get attention appropriately  Acquisition skills  Definition  Waiting: engaging in activities of choice when attention is not available  Measure  # of successful waits compared to # of times asked to wait  Procedures  Say “I can’t talk to you now. But if you go play with your toys, I will come get you when I can.”  Time 15 minutes – reset if he nags. See reduction procedures for aggression.  After 15 minutes, go praise and spend time with him.

5. Sample  Function: Attention  Reduction Procedures  Definition  Aggression – hitting or kicking others  Measure  # of aggressions each day  Procedures  Withhold attention until calm for 5 minutes. Then resume normal activities.  Refrain from long discussions about the behavior  If in a waiting trial, reset the trial  Emergency Procedures  Take to bedroom  Stay with him until calm for 1 minute  Block attempts to aggress

6. Sample  Procedures that apply to all operants: Contracting  Setup written contract – have Robert sign it if he agrees  If he refrains from aggression all week, and completes all chores, then take to mall on Saturday morning for 2 hours  For aggression, no outing on Saturday, and reset contract Saturday afternoon.

7. Data Collection Separate data for each operant?