1. The Three Branches of Government

2. The Articles of Confederation After winning the American Revolution, colonists set up a “confederation”, or loose union, of INDEPENDENT states. After winning the American Revolution, colonists set up a “confederation”, or loose union, of INDEPENDENT states. Under the Articles of Confederation, the national government was very weak. Under the Articles of Confederation, the national government was very weak. State governments did not want to give up power to a strong national government. State governments did not want to give up power to a strong national government.

3. Problems of the national government: no executive branch to carry out laws no executive branch to carry out laws no power to raise money (could not tax) no power to raise money (could not tax) no power to regulate commerce no power to regulate commerce no person to represent the country for international affairs no person to represent the country for international affairs

4. Summary: After the American Revolution, a new government was formed by the Articles of Confederation. This government had many problems which will lead to the creation of a new government under the Constitution. After the American Revolution, a new government was formed by the Articles of Confederation. This government had many problems which will lead to the creation of a new government under the Constitution.

6. Turn to page in your notebook Label the page “3 Branches of Government” Label the page “3 Branches of Government” On the top line, which philosopher thought a balanced government would be best? Why? On the top line, which philosopher thought a balanced government would be best? Why? Divide it into three sections labeled: Divide it into three sections labeled: Legislative Legislative Executive Executive Judicial Judicial

7. Legislative Congress (bicameral) Makes Laws

8. House of Representatives (435 members) 1. 2 years Terms 2. 25 yrs. old/ 7 yrs. citizen 3. propose tax laws 4. can impeach the president.

9. Senate (100 members) 5. 6-year term 6. 30 years old / citizen for 9 years 7. Can approve presidential appointments 8. Ratifies treaties with foreign governments 9. Can try the president after impeachment

10. Both together 10. Can propose laws 11. Can declare war 12. Can override the president’s veto with a 2/3 vote 13. Can propose amendments to the Constitution with a 2/3 vote

11. Executive President, Vice President, Cabinet Enforces Laws

12. 14. 4-year term with a max of 2 terms. 15. 35 years old, a 14- year resident, and native born 16. Has power to approve or veto laws 17. Make treaties with foreign governments. 18. Nominates judges to the Supreme Court 19. Appoints cabinet members 20. Is Commander-in-Chief of U.S. military forces

13. Judicial Supreme and Federal Courts Interprets Laws

14. 21. Justices of the Supreme Court serve for life 22. Can declare laws unconstitutional 23. Can settle disputes involving the United States 24. Can settle disputes between states 25. Chief Justice presides over impeachment trial of the President.

15. The Marshall Court McCulloch vs. Maryland McCulloch vs. Maryland Established that Congress has implied powers Established that Congress has implied powers Can make laws that are “Necessary and Proper” Can make laws that are “Necessary and Proper” Federal Government is supreme over states Federal Government is supreme over states Marbury vs. Madison Marbury vs. Madison Established judicial review Established judicial review Supreme Court reviews laws to make sure they are constitutional Supreme Court reviews laws to make sure they are constitutional

16. Chart of the Three Branches of Government