1. TO WHAT EXTENT DOES CULTURAL DIFFUSION IMPACT SOCIETY? THE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

2. NORTHERN RENAISSANCE Like the Greek/Roman writings inspired the Italian thinkers, the new arts, technology and ideas of the Renaissance inspired and spread to Northern European countries such as France, England, and German Ex. Painters: Durer (German), van Eyck (Flemish), Bruegel (Flemish)

3. ITALY VS. NORTH Italy – City-States BR/FR – Strong monarchs Francis I of France purchased many Renaissance paintings Humanists more interested in religious ideas than secular of Italy Human dignity inspired some northern humanists to develop plans for social reform based on Christian values.

4. IDEAS SPREAD 1494 – French king claimed throne of Naples in Southern Italy Launched invasion through northern Italy Many Italian artists and writers left for a safer life Brought styles of techniques of Renaissance with them

6. HOW IS THIS AN EXAMPLE OF CULTURAL DIFFUSION?

7. SO, AGAIN, WHY DID THE RENAISSANCE MOVE NORTH? 1450?s - Bubonic Plague and Hundred Years War end -- leads population and urban growth in N. Europe N. European monarchs begin to sponsor the arts, similarly to patrons like the Medicis 1459 - War erupted in Italy over political struggles - artists moved north out of Italy for safety bringing ideas with them Artists from N. Europe studied in Italy and began to return home with new Renaissance ideas

8. ALBRECHT DURER

9. ALBRECHT DURER WOODCUT

10. HANS HOLBEIN

11. JAN VAN EYCK (FLEMISH)

12. PIETER BRUEGEL THE ELDER

13. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlandish_Proverb s

14. CHRISTIAN HUMANISM Humanism – Intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements Christian Humanism – in North. Gave this a more religious slant. Not as secular.

15. DESIDERIUS ERASMUS In Praise of Folly – 1509 Poked fun at greedy merchants, heartsick lovers, quarrelsome scholars, and pompous priests Poked fun at Clergy, but work is strongly Christian. Christianity of heart, not ceremonies or rituals People should study the Bible

16. THOMAS MORE Tried to show a better model of society Utopia – 1516 Imaginary land with peace-loving people Utopia means “no place” but in English, it meant ideal place because of his book Greed, corruption, war don’t exist

17. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE Command of English language and understanding of human beings Revealed souls of men and women through tragedies like Macbeth and Romeo and Juliet A Midsummer Night’s Dream – examines human flaws through comedy Drew on classics like other Ren writers (what story is he known to have written that does this?)

18. ELIZABETHAN AGE Elizabeth I Wrote poetry Patronized artists and writers

19. THE PRINTING PRESS Chinese invented block printing/movable type around 1045 During 1200’s, block printed items made their way to Europe 1440 - Johann Gutenberg invents movable type printing press to print complete books - facilitating the spread of ideas through books and pamphlets Gutenberg Bible