1. The American Colonies

2. WHY?
For what reasons did individuals come to America?

3. New England Colonies

4. Massachusetts (1620) Pilgrims (Plymouth) Separatists 1st Thanksgiving
wanted to separate from the Anglican Church
1st Thanksgiving
Mayflower Compact
41 men drew up the agreement to outline fair and equal laws for the colony; signed on the Mayflower
1620

5. Massachusetts (1630) Puritans John Winthrop
Purify and reform Anglican Church
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Strict religious beliefs; radical
John Winthrop
“for wee must Consider that wee shall be as a Citty upon a Hill, the eies of all people are uppon us; soe that if wee shall deale falsely with our god in this worke wee have undertaken and soe cause him to withdrawe his present help from us”
City Upon A Hill, 1630

6. New Hampshire (1630) John Mason English and Scots-Irish settlers
Economic freedom
Settled for religious freedom
Escape for those constricted by harsh religious and economic rules of the Puritans
Royal Colony

7. Rhode Island (1636) Connecticut (1636) Roger Williams
Exiled by Puritans in Mass. settled in Providence
Religious freedom
Trade
Connecticut (1636)
Thomas Hooker
Dutch (economic freedom) and English (religious freedom)
Asked to leave by Mass.
Agriculture and trade

8. Middle Colonies

9. New York (1626) New Jersey (1660) Delaware (1638) Peter Minuit
Dutch (Netherlands), taken over by English
Trade and profits
Anglican
Proprietary to royal colony
New Jersey (1660)
Lord Berkley
Established by Sweden became English
Agriculture, trade and profits
Delaware (1638)
Dutch, Swedish and English
Farming, trade and profits
Proprietary

10. Pennsylvania (1682) Quakers William Penn Proprietary
Home to many European Immigrants: Swedish, Dutch, English, Scots-Irish and German
Farming
Quakers
Equality and all possessed “Inner Light”
Pennsylvania

11. Southern Colonies

12. Virginia (1607)
Jamestown
1st permanent settlement mostly males (indentured servants and treasure hunters)
60/900 colonists survived
Ruled by John Smith
Founded by the Virginia Company
Joint-stock company: organized to raise money by selling stocks/shares to investors
Becomes royal
House of Burgesses (1619)-22 representatives called burgesses met to outline laws for the colony

13. Maryland (1634)
George Calvert, Lord Baltimore
Religious freedom for Catholics
Established for trade, finding precious metals and to locate a water passage across the continent
Farming
Proprietary

14. Maryland Act of Toleration
1649
Granted freedom of worship for all Catholics
Symbolic beginning of freedom of religion

15. North Carolina (1653) South Carolina (1670) Georgia (1733)
Group of proprietors: business venture
Settlers from Virginia
Farming, trade and profit
Anglican
South Carolina (1670)
Group of proprietors
Settlers from France, English, Africans and Irish
Food crops
Proprietary to royal
Georgia (1733)
General James Oglethorpe
Spanish settlements taken by English
Debtors and convicts protect colonies from Spanish and French invasions
Slow economic growth farmed, harvested lumber and traded furs

16. The Charter of Carolina 1663

17. Discrimination African Americans Native Americans Free Slaves
Pushed off land
by westward settlers

18. Religious Tolerance Roger Williams Providence, RI Pennsylvania
English Quakers
German Lutherans
Scotch-Irish Presbyterians
Swiss Mennonites
New York linguistic and cultural diversity
First synagogue

19. Colonial Economy

20. Economic Diversity:
-South= Agriculture
-North = Commerce
-Towns and cities
develop along water

21. Commerce and Immigrants (New England)
Port cities
Boston
Immigrant population increases due to religious freedom and economic opportunities (German, Scotch-Irish, Dutch)
More towns in North than Southern colonies
Use town meetings to govern

22. New England Colonies Shipbuilding Fishing
Smaller farms self-sufficient

23. Middle Colonies’ Economy
Diverse in people and business
Less slaves
Shops, homes and farms

24. Middle Colonies’ Economy
Farming
Wheat, barley, rye
Commerce
Access to water
Shipping overseas
New York and
Philadelphia

25. Southern Economy John Rolfe and tobacco Plantations develop
Virginia, Maryland, NC
Plantations develop
Need for labor
Indentured servants
Agree to work for landowner
4-7 years
slavery

26. Southern Plantation Systems
Exported cash crops to make money
Creates:
(1) Large farms around rivers
(2) Need for lots of labor
(3) Wealthy class of plantation owners

28. Slave Trade First slaves were captured Native Americans
African slave trade flourished by 1700s
Slaves endured a harsh voyage: Middle Passage
Widespread use in Southern colonies