1. Music History Eras There are 6
Middle Ages
Renaissance
Baroque
Classical
Romantic
20th Century

2. Middle Ages 450-1450 Historical Musical “Bring Out yer Dead”
Spread of Christianity
European Culture Develops
Islamic Cultural Influence
Musical
Music of the Church
Musical Notation Begins
Polyphony is Born
“Bring Out yer Dead”

3. Middle Ages Composers of Note…
Hildegard von Bingen
Monoit d’Arras
Guillaume de Machaut

4. Hildegard von Bingen 1098-1179 She was a nun.
She was a musician, naturalist and philosopher
She experienced “visions” since her childhood
Modern doctors have diagnosed her visions as migraines
Playing: Ave Generosa

5. Renaissance 1450-1600 Historical Musical End of the Dark Ages
Rebirth of classical learning
The feudal system passes away
Musical
Music becomes “popular”
Music relies on 3rds
Brass, Strings, Woodwinds and Percussion are all utilized.

6. Renaissance Composers of Note
Thomas Tallis
Josquin Des Prez
Claudio Monteverdi
William Byrd
Giovanni Gabrielli

7. Giovanni Gabrielli 1554-1612 Worked for the Church as an organist
Wrote in “PolyChoral” Style
Very famous…other composers studied with him
Playing: Canzona #2

8. Baroque 1600-1750 Historical Musical Science becomes important
The “New World” is developed
Musical
Music expands in notation & technique
Opera becomes a major form of music

9. Baroque Composers of Note
Johann Sebastian Bach
George Frederich Handel
Antonio Vivaldi
Johann Pachelbel
Domenico Scarlatti

10. Johann Sebastian Bach 1685-1750
German composer and organist
The “supreme” composer of this era
Was also a teacher, and wrote “the Well Tempered Clavier”
Playing: Fugue in g minor

11. Classical 1750-1825 Historical Musical The industrial revolution
Government as we know it evolves
Musical
The piano becomes popular
The Symphony is developed
Instrumental music comes to the front
Beauty is important in music…not just form

12. Classical Composers of Note
Ludwig van Beethoven
Antonin Dvorak
Sir Edward Elgar
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

13. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 1756-1791
Composed over 600 works..died at 35
Was a child prodigy
Spent much of his life poor & in debt
Died of probably Rheumatic Fever
Playing: Horn Concerto #3 Allegro

14. Romantic Era 1825-1900 Historical Musical European Nationalism
American Civil War
Western Expansion
Musical
Programmatic Music
Expressive, Daring Music
Technological Advances in Instruments..Valves & Keys
Composers became “rock stars”

15. Romantic Composers of Note
Johannes Brahams
Frederic Chopin
Giacomo Puccini
Peter Tchaikovsky

16. Peter Tchaikovsky 1840-1893 Prolific Russian Composer
Dramatic “Heavy” music
Was heavily criticized during his life
First Russian composer to simulate European Music
Died Sadly…possibly of suicide
Playing: Finale from Symphony #4

17. 20th Century/Contemporary 1900-Present
Historical
Development of Technology
Global Communications
Decline of Totalitarianism
Musical
Widening gap between art and popular music
Advent of sound recording
Movie music becomes important

18. 20th Century Composers of Note 1900-Present
Aaron Copland
Percy Grainger
Paul Hindemith
Gustav Holst
Leonard Bernstein
Charles Ives
John Williams

19. Percy Grainger 1882-1961 An avid collector of folk music
Australian born
Moved to the U.S. to avoid being drafted
In 1941 toured with the Gustavus Concert Band
A Bit odd…would never wash or iron clothes for days…known as the jogging pianist
Playing: “The Gumsuckers March”